Nokea
Where are all the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein routed for processing?
- A. Kidneys
- B. Pancreas
- C. Spleen
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed to the liver for processing. The liver is responsible for detoxifying and metabolizing substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract before they enter the systemic circulation. It filters and processes nutrients, drugs, and toxins, ensuring that only safe and usable substances are distributed throughout the body.
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Where is blood produced in infants after birth?
- A. Heart chamber
- B. Red bone marrow
- C. Liver
- D. Spleen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After birth, blood is primarily produced in the red bone marrow of infants. Red bone marrow is responsible for generating red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that are vital for normal physiological functions. Hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell formation, primarily occurs in the red bone marrow of newborns and infants, making it a critical site for blood production in this age group.
Where do spermatozoa develop in men?
- A. Seminiferous tubules
- B. Vas deferens
- C. Ejaculatory ducts
- D. Bulbourethral glands
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spermatozoa develop within the seminiferous tubules of each testis. These tubules are responsible for the production of sperm through a process called spermatogenesis. While the vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands play essential roles in the transport and release of sperm, they are not involved in the actual development of sperm.
Which type of skin cancer can be recognized in lesion characteristics based on the ABCD rule?
- A. Melanoma
- B. Basal cell carcinoma
- C. Sarcoma
- D. Squamous cell carcinoma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ABCD rule is a method used to identify characteristics associated with melanoma, not basal cell carcinoma. The letters stand for Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, and Diameter greater than 6mm. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer, but it is not typically identified using the ABCD rule. Melanoma is the correct answer as it is the type of skin cancer recognized based on the ABCD rule.
Where would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?
- A. Thoracic cavity
- B. Mediastinum
- C. Abdominal cavity
- D. Pelvic cavity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are located in the pelvic cavity. The pelvic cavity is the region of the body that houses these structures, providing protection and support for their functions. The thoracic cavity contains organs such as the heart and lungs, the mediastinum is the area between the lungs that contains the heart, major blood vessels, and other structures, while the abdominal cavity houses organs like the stomach, liver, and intestines.
Which type of cell division occurs in the gonads?
- A. Mitosis
- B. Meiosis
- C. Binary fission
- D. Asexual division
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meiosis is the type of cell division that occurs in the gonads. During meiosis, cells undergo two rounds of division resulting in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes. This process is vital for sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.