Nokea
Where in the nephron is most of the glucose reabsorbed back into the blood?
- A. Proximal convoluted tubule
- B. Distal convoluted tubule
- C. Loop of Henle
- D. Henley upon Thames
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule via active transport.
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Which part(s) of the esophagus necessitate(s) input from the central nervous system to orchestrate peristalsis?
- A. The upper third
- B. The middle third
- C. The lower third
- D. The upper and middle portions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The upper third of the esophagus, with striated muscle, requires CNS input (via the vagus nerve) for primary peristalsis.
Food tests were carried out on four different substances. Which substance contained both protein and reducing sugar?
- A. substance A
- B. substance B
- C. substance C
- D. substance D
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Substances testing positive for both the biuret test (protein) and Benedict's test (reducing sugar) indicate the presence of both protein and reducing sugars.
Which of the following glands produces saliva?
- A. pancreas
- B. thyroid
- C. pituitary
- D. parotid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parotid gland is one of the major salivary glands that produce saliva, which initiates starch digestion and lubricates food.
Which of the following would MOST directly affect the operations of the digestive system?
- A. osteoporosis
- B. liver damage
- C. heart attack
- D. kidney failure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Liver damage directly impacts digestion by reducing bile production, essential for fat breakdown.
What waste does the integumentary system remove from the body?
- A. liquid waste
- B. carbon dioxide
- C. salt and water
- D. urea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The integumentary system, via sweat glands, removes salt and water through perspiration.