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Which action should the nurse take when a patient with osteomyelitis of the right forearm is admitted with an open wound that is draining?
- A. Enforce a low-calorie diet.
- B. Initiate drainage and secretion precautions.
- C. Frequently do passive ROM on the elbow.
- D. Ambulate several times daily.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient with osteomyelitis should be at least in drainage and secretion precaution. The limb should be positioned for maximum comfort and left at rest. These patients are usually on bed rest and require a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
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In order for a patient to flex the lower leg, which muscle must be contracted?
- A. Quadriceps
- B. Gastrocnemius
- C. Biceps femoris
- D. Rectus femoris
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The contraction of the biceps femoris allows for the contraction of the lower leg.
Which instructions should the nurse reinforce in a teaching plan for a person with gouty arthritis?
- A. Avoid excessive alcohol.
- B. Maintain rest and immobility while disease is symptomatic.
- C. Check urine and urine output for possible kidney stones.
- D. Include food high in purine in the diet.
- E. Use bed cradle to support linens.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: The person with gout should avoid alcohol and food with high purine content, maintain rest and immobility while symptomatic, and check urine and urine output for possible kidney stones. A bed cradle keeps the linens off the patient's feet to promote comfort.
A patient, age 68, has experienced an intertrochanteric fracture of the right hip. Before surgery, to provide support and comfort, an immobilizing device of which type is applied?
- A. Thomas ring
- B. Bryant traction
- C. Russell traction
- D. Buck traction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Buck traction is a form of traction used as a temporary measure to provide support and comfort to a fractured extremity until a more definite treatment is initiated. A Thomas ring, Bryant's traction and Russel traction are not used to stabilize a hip fracture.
Which should the nurse expect to see in the plan of care for a patient following a myelogram in which water-soluble dye was used?
- A. Position in a semi-Fowler's position for 8 hours
- B. Place patient flat on back to compress puncture site.
- C. Ambulate for brief periods to lessen postmyelogram headache.
- D. Limit fluids to increase absorption of the dye.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient should be positioned in the semi-Fowler's position for 8 hours to encourage the dye to stay in the lower spine. After an oil-based dye is used, the patient is placed in a flat position for up to 12 hours. The patient should lie quietly, not ambulate. Fluids should be encouraged to help the body absorb the dye from the spinal column.
The nurse administering the drug colchicine for gout will give $0.5 \mathrm{mg}$ hourly for hours.
Correct Answer: 12
Rationale: Colchicine is given orally in a dose of $0.5 \mathrm{mg}$ for a period of 12 hours or until relief from pain is achieved or diarrhea occurs.