Nokea
Which assessment finding indicates that the client with urolithiasis is experiencing a complication?
- A. Clear, yellow urine
- B. Colicky flank pain
- C. Fever and chills
- D. Frequent urination
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fever and chills suggest a possible urinary tract infection or obstruction, which are complications of urolithiasis.
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The nurse is discussing kidney transplants with clients at a dialysis center. Which population is less likely to participate in organ donation?
- A. Caucasian.
- B. African American.
- C. Asian.
- D. Hispanic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African Americans are statistically less likely to participate in organ donation due to cultural beliefs, mistrust in healthcare systems, and lower registration rates. Other groups have higher participation rates, though disparities exist across all populations.
The nurse writes the client problem of 'fluid volume excess' (FVE). Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Change the IV fluid from 0.9% NS to D5W.
- B. Restrict the sodium in the client’s diet.
- C. Monitor blood glucose levels.
- D. Prepare the client for hemodialysis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restricting sodium reduces fluid retention in FVE, as sodium promotes water reabsorption. D5W provides free water, worsening FVE; glucose monitoring is unrelated; and hemodialysis is reserved for severe cases.
Which symptom indicative of renal failure would the nurse expect to note when assessing this client?
- A. Anemia
- B. Hypotension
- C. Weight loss
- D. Fever
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anemia is a common symptom of renal failure due to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys.
The nurse is caring for a client with a TURP. Which expected outcome indicates the client’s condition is improving?
- A. The client is using the maximum amount allowed by the PCA pump.
- B. The client’s bladder spasms are relieved by medication.
- C. The client’s scrotum is swollen and tender with movement.
- D. The client has passed a large, hard, brown stool this morning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Relief of bladder spasms indicates reduced irritation and healing post-TURP. Maximum PCA use, scrotal swelling, or hard stools do not reflect improvement and may indicate complications.
The nurse is teaching the female client diagnosed with tuberculosis of the urinary tract prior to discharge. Which information should the nurse include specific to this diagnosis?
- A. Instruct the client to take the medication with food.
- B. Explain condoms should be used during treatment.
- C. Discuss the need for follow-up chest x-rays.
- D. Encourage a well-balanced diet and fluid intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urinary TB can spread to sexual partners, so condoms are recommended during treatment. Medication timing, chest x-rays (for pulmonary TB), and diet/fluids are general or less specific.