Nokea
Which bacteria are responsible for causing the disease known as 'whooping cough'?
- A. Bordetella pertussis
- B. Haemophilus influenzae
- C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
- D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bordetella pertussis. Bordetella pertussis is the bacterium responsible for causing whooping cough, also known as pertussis. It produces toxins that damage the respiratory tract, leading to severe coughing fits. Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are not associated with whooping cough. Haemophilus influenzae can cause respiratory infections but not whooping cough. Streptococcus pneumoniae is known for causing pneumonia, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, both different from whooping cough. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it is the specific bacterium linked to the disease in question.
You may also like to solve these questions
In 8 days after a surgery the patient develops tetatus. The surgeon suspects this condition to be caused by suture material contaminated by tetanus agent. The material is delivered to a bacteriological laboratory. What nutrient medium is required for primary inoculation of the suture material?
- A. Sabouraud agar
- B. Endo agar
- C. Hiss medium
- D. Kitt-Tarozzi medium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Kitt-Tarozzi medium. This medium is specifically designed for the isolation and cultivation of Clostridium tetani, the bacteria responsible for tetanus. The other options, Sabouraud agar, Endo agar, and Hiss medium, are not suitable for the growth of Clostridium tetani. Sabouraud agar is used for fungal cultures, Endo agar is a selective medium for enteric bacteria, and Hiss medium is used for the cultivation of anaerobic bacteria other than Clostridium tetani. Therefore, the Kitt-Tarozzi medium is the most appropriate choice for isolating and identifying the tetanus agent in this scenario.
Which statement is correct? Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of:
- A. Cholera
- B. AIDS
- C. Plague
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Plague. Yersinia pestis is a bacterium that causes plague, a serious infectious disease transmitted through infected fleas or direct contact with infected animals. Yersinia pestis does not cause Cholera (choice A) or AIDS (choice B). Choice D, None of the above, is incorrect as Yersinia pestis is indeed the causative agent of plague.
Diatoms, major components of marine phytoplankton, belong to:
- A. Chrysophyta
- B. Rhodophyta
- C. Chlorophyta
- D. Phaeophyta
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chrysophyta. Diatoms are classified under the division Chrysophyta due to their unique characteristics, such as possessing a cell wall made of silica (siliceous frustule) and containing chlorophyll a and c for photosynthesis. Chrysophyta includes golden-brown algae, which diatoms are a part of. Rhodophyta (B) includes red algae, Chlorophyta (C) includes green algae, and Phaeophyta (D) includes brown algae. These choices are incorrect as they do not align with the specific characteristics and classification of diatoms within the kingdom Protista.
A farmer developed a black, painless carbuncle with peripheral vesicular rash. Microscopy of pus revealed non-motile Gram-positive rods with a capsule. What microorganism caused the condition?
- A. Bacillus anthracis
- B. Staphylococcus aureus
- C. Clostridium perfringens
- D. Bacillus subtilis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bacillus anthracis. The black, painless carbuncle with peripheral vesicular rash is characteristic of cutaneous anthrax. Microscopy showing non-motile Gram-positive rods with a capsule aligns with Bacillus anthracis. The other choices can be eliminated: B: Staphylococcus aureus does not typically form a black lesion or have a capsule. C: Clostridium perfringens causes gas gangrene, not the described lesion. D: Bacillus subtilis is not associated with the specific clinical presentation mentioned.
Some of the basic requirements for the antibacterial chemotherapeutics are:
- A. To be maximally toxic to bacteria, as a result of their accumulation in the body
- B. To disintegrate rapidly and not be water soluble
- C. To be maximally toxic to microorganisms, not to lead to allergic reactions, to be stable, to have a wide spectrum of activity
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because antibacterial chemotherapeutics need to be maximally toxic to microorganisms, not lead to allergic reactions, be stable, and have a wide spectrum of activity to effectively treat bacterial infections.
A is incorrect because maximum toxicity to bacteria can lead to harmful side effects in the body. B is incorrect because rapid disintegration and insolubility in water would hinder the drug's effectiveness. D is incorrect because the basic requirements for antibacterial chemotherapeutics are outlined in option C.