Nokea
Which client has the highest risk of ovarian cancer?
- A. 30-year old woman taking contraceptives
- B. 45-year old woman who has never been pregnant
- C. 40-year old woman with three children
- D. 36-year old woman who had her first child at age 22
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the major risk factors for ovarian cancer is nulliparity, which means never having been pregnant. This is because pregnancy and childbirth have a protective effect against ovarian cancer. Women who have never been pregnant are at a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared to women who have had children. Age is also a significant risk factor for ovarian cancer, with the risk increasing as women get older. Therefore, the 45-year old woman who has never been pregnant has the highest risk of ovarian cancer among the given clients.
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The nurse needs to administer an IM injection of 2.4 million units of penicillin G. it is supplied in a vial of 5,000,000 units of powder for injection. Instructions state to dilute with 8 mL of sterile water. How manu mL should the nurse draw up?
- A. 2.6 mL
- B. 4.1 mL
- C. 3.8 mL
- D. 4.4 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To administer an IM injection of 2.4 million units of penicillin G, the nurse should first reconstitute the penicillin powder with sterile water as per the instructions. The vial contains 5,000,000 units of the powder and when diluted with 8 mL of sterile water, the resulting concentration would be:
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disease that results in the body's inability to correctly metabolize:
- A. glucose.
- B. phenylalanine.
- C. phenylketones.
- D. thyroxine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. Individuals with PKU lack an enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase, which results in the buildup of phenylalanine in the body. If untreated, high levels of phenylalanine can lead to intellectual disabilities, seizures, and other serious health problems. Therefore, individuals with PKU need to follow a special diet low in phenylalanine to prevent these complications.
The MOST appropriate age of a child who helps to undress; puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object); and handles spoon well is
- A. 15 months
- B. 18 months
- C. 24 months
- D. 30 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These milestones are typically achieved around 24 months.
A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a myocardial infarction. During the admission history, the nurse learns that the client also has hypertension and progressive systemic sclerosis. For a client with this disease, the nurse is most likely to formulate which nursing diagnosis?
- A. Risk for impaired skin integrity
- B. Imbalanced nutrition: Risk for more than
- C. Constipation body requirements
- D. Ineffective thermoregulation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a client with progressive systemic sclerosis, also known as Scleroderma, the nurse is most likely to formulate a nursing diagnosis related to the risk for impaired skin integrity. Scleroderma is a chronic connective tissue disease that can lead to changes in skin texture and thickness, making the skin more prone to breakdown, ulcers, and impaired wound healing. Therefore, assessing and addressing the risk for impaired skin integrity is essential to prevent complications in clients with Scleroderma. While the other options may also be relevant considerations for this client, the priority nursing diagnosis in this case would be related to maintaining skin integrity.
A 3-year-old female is hospitalized for a femur fracture. As her nurse, what nursing action would help foster the child's sense of autonomy?
- A. Allow the child to choose what time to take her oral antibiotics.
- B. Allow the child to have a doll for medical play.
- C. Allow the child to administer her own dose of Keflex (cephalexin) via oral syringe.
- D. Allow the child to watch age-appropriate videos.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allowing preschoolers to participate in actions for which they are capable is an excellent way to enhance their sense of autonomy.