Nokea
Which component forms an adhesive bridge between platelets and vascular subendothelial structures in the clotting process?
- A. Serotonin.
- B. Platelet factor III.
- C. Von Willebrand factor.
- D. Adenosine diphosphate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Von Willebrand factor forms an adhesive bridge between platelets and vascular subendothelial structures, crucial for hemostasis at sites of vascular injury.
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Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient newly diagnosed with microcytic hypochromic anemia?
- A. Take enteric-coated iron with each meal.
- B. Take cobalamin with green, leafy vegetables.
- C. Take the iron with orange juice 1 hour before meals.
- D. Decrease the intake of the antiseizure medications to improve anemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking iron with orange juice 1 hour before meals enhances absorption due to vitamin C, optimal for treating microcytic hypochromic anemia.
Which laboratory report finding would support the nurse's conclusion that a patient has thalassemia major? Select all that apply.
- A. Increased bilirubin levels.
- B. Increased reticulocyte level.
- C. Increased mean corpuscular volume.
- D. Increased total iron-binding capacity.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Increased bilirubin, reticulocyte levels, and total iron-binding capacity are seen in thalassemia major due to hemolysis, bone marrow response, and increased iron absorption.
Which rationale supports the nurse's assessment of a patient's magnesium level?
- A. The electrolyte is the most abundant intracellular cation present in the body.
- B. The electrolyte may cause extracellular fluid overload.
- C. Magnesium may affect neuromuscular excitability and contractility.
- D. The patient is at risk for hypotension when the levels of magnesium decrease.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Magnesium plays a crucial role in neuromuscular excitability and contractility. Abnormal magnesium levels can lead to neuromuscular symptoms such as muscle weakness, tremors, and spasms, and affect cardiac function.
A patient is diagnosed with primary hypertension and asks the nurse what caused the condition. Which response would the nurse give?
- A. There is no identified cause!
- B. A decrease in plasma renin levels.
- C. Too much plaque in the blood vessels.
- D. Kidney disease is the most common cause.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary hypertension, or essential hypertension, has no identifiable cause in most cases, distinguishing it from secondary hypertension.
The nurse provides education to a patient about the symptoms of uncontrolled hypertension. Which symptom would the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. Fatigue.
- B. Dizziness.
- C. Palpitations.
- D. Cluster headaches.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Fatigue, dizziness, and palpitations are symptoms of uncontrolled hypertension due to cardiovascular strain and vascular effects; cluster headaches are not directly related.