Nokea
Which factor will inhibit the secretion of estrogens?
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. estrogens
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: estrogens. Estrogens inhibit their own secretion through negative feedback. When estrogen levels rise, they signal the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to decrease the production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), ultimately leading to a decrease in estrogen secretion. This self-regulation maintains hormonal balance in the body.
Incorrect choices:
A: FSH - FSH stimulates the production of estrogen by the ovarian follicles, so it does not inhibit estrogen secretion.
B: LH - LH also plays a role in stimulating estrogen production and does not inhibit its secretion.
D: Progesterone - Progesterone is involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy but does not directly inhibit estrogen secretion.
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A drug is given that affects the initial phases of spermatogenesis to aid in a patient’s infertility complaints. How much time would it take for the effects of this drug to be seen?
- A. 4.6 days
- B. 16 days
- C. 22 days
- D. 86 days
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (86 days) because spermatogenesis is a process that takes around 74 days from the initial division of spermatogonia to the release of mature spermatozoa. The drug affecting the initial phases of spermatogenesis would take at least one full cycle of spermatogenesis to show its effects, which is around 74 days. Therefore, it would take approximately 86 days for the effects of the drug to be seen.
Choice A (4.6 days) is too short for spermatogenesis to complete, so the effects of the drug would not be observable in this time frame. Choice B (16 days) and Choice C (22 days) are also insufficient for a full cycle of spermatogenesis to occur, hence the effects of the drug would not be evident within these durations.
Which of the following sets of tissues are all part of a developing follicle.
- A. granulosa cells, theca, corpus luteum
- B. theca, acrosome, antrum
- C. oocyte, corpus luteum, granulosa cells
- D. . zona pellucida, cumulus oophorous, theca
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because all the tissues mentioned (zona pellucida, cumulus oophorous, theca) are indeed part of a developing follicle. The zona pellucida is the glycoprotein layer surrounding the oocyte, the cumulus oophorous is a cluster of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte, and the theca is a layer of connective tissue surrounding the follicle.
Choice A is incorrect because the corpus luteum is not part of a developing follicle. Choice B is incorrect because the acrosome is a structure in sperm, not the follicle. Choice C is incorrect because the corpus luteum is not part of a developing follicle, and the oocyte is already present within the follicle but is not considered a part of it.
Estrogen replacement therapy is given to relieve the symptoms of:
- A. Cervicitis
- B. Pregnancy
- C. Endometriosis
- D. Menopause
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Estrogen replacement therapy is given to relieve the symptoms of menopause because it helps alleviate hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and other menopausal symptoms by replacing the declining estrogen levels in the body. Cervicitis is inflammation of the cervix and is not treated with estrogen therapy. Pregnancy naturally increases estrogen levels and does not require estrogen replacement therapy. Endometriosis is a condition where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus and is not specifically treated with estrogen replacement therapy. In summary, estrogen replacement therapy is indicated for menopausal symptoms due to declining estrogen levels.
Displacement of a bone form its joint is known as ____________________.
- A. Fracture
- B. Dislocation
- C. Displacement
- D. Sprain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dislocation is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the displacement of a bone from its joint. A fracture (choice A) is a break in a bone, not a displacement. Choice C, displacement, is too general and does not specify the bone being out of a joint. A sprain (choice D) involves the stretching or tearing of ligaments, not the displacement of a bone. Therefore, dislocation is the most accurate term for the scenario described.
A corpus luteum would be present ________.
- A. prior to ovulation in a female
- B. after ovulation in a female
- C. in the semen of a male
- D. only on the day of ovulation in a female
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, after ovulation in a female. After ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into a corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to support the uterine lining. Prior to ovulation (choice A) there is a mature follicle, not a corpus luteum. Choice C is incorrect as the corpus luteum is a structure in the female reproductive system, not present in semen. Choice D is incorrect as the corpus luteum persists for about 14 days after ovulation, not just on the day of ovulation.