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Which finding indicates the successful completion of an individuals grieving process?
- A. For two years, a person has kept the deceased spouses belongings in their usual places.
- B. After 15 months, a widowed person realistically remembers both the pleasures and disappointments of the relationship with the spouse.
- C. Three years after the death, a person talks about the spouse as if the spouse was still alive and weeps when others mention the spouses name.
- D. Eighteen months after the spouses death, a person says, I never cry or have feelings of loss even though we were always very close.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The work of grieving is over when the bereaved can remember the individual realistically and acknowledge both the pleasure and disappointments associated with the loved one. The individual is then free to enter into new relationships and activities. The other options suggest unresolved grief.
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The psychiatric nurse best demonstrates an understanding of the general health challenges facing a mentally ill client who reports auditory hallucinations when asking:
- A. When did you first start hearing voices?'
- B. What did you have to eat last night for supper?'
- C. May I have your permission to take your blood pressure?'
- D. Do you understand why you need to take your medication?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because asking for permission to take the client's blood pressure demonstrates respect for their autonomy and acknowledges their physical health needs. It shows an understanding that mental illness can impact physical health and encourages holistic care. Choice A focuses on the onset of hallucinations, but does not address immediate health concerns. Choice B is unrelated to the client's health challenges. Choice D addresses medication compliance but does not directly address the client's current health status. Overall, choice C is the best option as it considers both the client's mental and physical well-being.
Annie is a 5 year old who has been the victim of sexual abuse by a family member. Which of the following therapeutic techniques would be especially useful in helping Annie express her feelings?
- A. Individual psychotherapy
- B. Behavior modification
- C. Family therapy sessions
- D. Drawing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because she is so young, Annie may have great difficulties expressing her feelings and experiences in words. Drawing allows her self-expression in an age-appropriate manner.
What concept refers to the ways in which society conveys to the individual its norms or expectations of his/her behavior?
- A. Socialization
- B. Gender schema
- C. Gender scripts
- D. Gender stereotypes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Socialization transmits societal norms to individuals.
Select the most appropriate outcome for a patient completing the fourth alcohol detoxification program in 1 year. Before discharge, the patient will
- A. use rationalization in healthy ways.
- B. state, 'I see the need for ongoing treatment.'
- C. identify constructive outlets for expression of anger.
- D. develop a trusting relationship with one staff member.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because stating 'I see the need for ongoing treatment' demonstrates insight and willingness to engage in further treatment, indicating a readiness for change. This is crucial for someone who has completed multiple detox programs in a short period. Choice A (using rationalization in healthy ways) may not address the underlying issues leading to repeated detox programs. Choice C (identifying constructive outlets for expression of anger) is important but not the most urgent concern after detox. Choice D (developing a trusting relationship with one staff member) is beneficial but does not address the need for ongoing treatment.
Which statement made by a mental health nurse demonstrates the need for further education regarding active listening as a therapeutic communication technique?
- A. When I use therapeutic silence, I'm giving the client time to think and reflect.'
- B. Sharing perceptions doesn't mean I tell the client how my experiences are similar to his.'
- C. I generally find it helpful to ask the client why he blames others for the mistakes he's made.'
- D. It's not therapeutic to give the client suggestions as to what he needs to do to fix his problems.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because asking the client why he blames others is not a recommended approach in active listening. This statement shows a lack of understanding of active listening principles. Active listening focuses on listening without judgment or assumptions, understanding the client's perspective, and reflecting back their feelings. Asking why a client blames others can come across as confrontational and may hinder the therapeutic relationship. Choices A, B, and D demonstrate an understanding of active listening principles by emphasizing the importance of silence, avoiding sharing personal experiences, and refraining from giving direct advice, respectively.