Nokea
Which gland is the master gland of the endocrine system?
- A. Thyroid
- B. Parathyroid
- C. Pancreas
- D. Pituitary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pituitary gland, located in the brain, is the master gland of the endocrine system. It has been called the 'master gland' because through the negative feedback inhibition, it exerts its control over the other endocrine glands.
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Lispro has an onset of action within how many minutes?
- A. 90
- B. 60
- C. 15
- D. 45
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lispro begins to take effect in less than half the time of regular, fast-acting insulin. The new formula can be injected 15 minutes before a meal.
Which disorder is a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus?
- A. Diverticulitis
- B. Renal failure
- C. Hypothyroidism
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Long-term complications of diabetes include blindness, cardiovascular problems, and renal failure.
To which diet should a patient with Cushing syndrome adhere?
- A. Less sodium
- B. More calories
- C. Less potassium
- D. More carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The diet should be lower in sodium to help decrease edema.
The nurse should observe the patient for which major life-threatening complication postoperatively of a thyroidectomy?
- A. Hemorrhaging
- B. Seizures
- C. Tetany
- D. Hypoglycemia
- E. Thyroid crisis (storm)
- F. SIADH
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The nurse must be alert for signs of internal or external bleeding. In addition to hemorrhage, two significant postoperative complications exist after thyroidectomy. The first is tetany. The second is thyroid crisis. Manipulation of the thyroid during surgery may cause the release of large amounts of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream, creating a thyroid crisis (storm).
Which instructions will the nurse reinforce in the discharge instructions for a 47-year-old patient with hypothyroidism?
- A. Taking medication whenever symptoms cause discomfort
- B. Decreasing fluid and fiber intake
- C. Consuming foods rich in iron
- D. Seeing the health care provider regularly for follow-up care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular checkups are essential, because drug dosage may have to be adjusted from time to time.