Nokea
Which government department is responsible for overseeing the administration of the WIC program?
- A. Social Security Administration
- B. Department of Health and Human Services
- C. Department of Public Health
- D. Children's Bureau
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The WIC (Women, Infants, and Children) program is administered by the Department of Health and Human Services, which oversees public health initiatives and services.
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Some pregnant patients may complain of changes in their voice and impaired hearing. The nurse can tell these patients that these are common reactions to:
- A. a decreased estrogen level
- B. displacement of the diaphragm, resulting in thoracic breathing
- C. congestion and swelling, which occur because the upper respiratory tract has become more vascular
- D. increased blood volume
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased estrogen levels cause vascular congestion and swelling in the upper respiratory tract, affecting voice and hearing.
A woman at 10 weeks of gestation who is seen in the prenatal clinic with presumptive signs and symptoms of pregnancy likely will have:
- A. amenorrhe
- B. positive pregnancy test.
- C. Chadwick's sign.
- D. Hegar's sign.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: amenorrhea. At 10 weeks of gestation, a woman should have missed at least two menstrual periods, indicating amenorrhea. This is a presumptive sign of pregnancy as it is a common early pregnancy symptom. Positive pregnancy test (B) confirms pregnancy but is not specific to 10 weeks. Chadwick's sign (C) is a bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina, typically seen around 6-8 weeks, not specifically at 10 weeks. Hegar's sign (D) is softening of the lower uterine segment, usually felt around 6-12 weeks, not specifically at 10 weeks.
An expectant couple asks the nurse about intercourse during pregnancy and whether it is safe for the baby. What information should the nurse provide?
- A. Intercourse is safe until the third trimester.
- B. Safer sex practices should be used once the membranes rupture
- C. Intercourse should be avoided if any spotting from the vagina occurs afterward
- D. Intercourse and orgasm are often contraindicated if a history of or signs of preterm
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: As per the provided choices, none of them accurately address the safety of intercourse during pregnancy. The correct information that the nurse should provide is that intercourse is generally safe during a normal, healthy pregnancy unless advised otherwise by a healthcare provider. It is important to communicate that unless there are specific medical conditions or complications, intercourse is typically safe throughout pregnancy. Therefore, the correct answer is that the nurse should inform the expectant couple that intercourse is safe during pregnancy unless advised otherwise.
To reassure and educate pregnant patients about changes in their cardiovascular system, maternity nurses should be aware that:
- A. a pregnant woman experiencing disturbed cardiac rhythm, such as sinus arrhythmia requires close medical and obstetric observation, no matter how healthy she otherwise may appear
- B. changes in heart size and position and increases in blood volume create auditory changes from 20 weeks to term
- C. palpitations are twice as likely to occur in twin gestations
- D. all of the above changes will likely occur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Auditory changes in the heart occur due to positional and structural changes during pregnancy. Sinus arrhythmia is common and benign unless accompanied by other symptoms.
The maternity nurse understands that vascular volume increases 40% to 45% during pregnancy to:
- A. compensate for decreased renal plasma flow.
- B. provide adequate perfusion of the placenta
- C. eliminate metabolic wastes of the mother.
- D. prevent maternal and fetal dehydration.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the increased vascular volume during pregnancy is essential to provide adequate perfusion of the placenta, ensuring proper nutrient and oxygen exchange between the mother and fetus. This is crucial for the optimal growth and development of the fetus.
A: The increased vascular volume during pregnancy does not compensate for decreased renal plasma flow but rather supports the increased metabolic demands of pregnancy.
C: The elimination of metabolic wastes of the mother is primarily carried out by the kidneys and liver, not solely through increased vascular volume.
D: Preventing maternal and fetal dehydration is more related to adequate fluid intake and retention, rather than the increase in vascular volume during pregnancy.