Nokea
Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's metabolism?
- A. Insulin
- B. Thyroxine
- C. Melatonin
- D. Adrenaline
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroxine, also known as T4, is produced by the thyroid gland and plays a vital role in regulating the body's metabolism. Insulin is not responsible for regulating metabolism; instead, it helps regulate blood sugar levels. Melatonin is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles, not metabolism. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a stress hormone that prepares the body for fight or flight responses, not primarily involved in metabolic regulation.
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What is the function of the Vas Deferens?
- A. Produces fluid to increase sperm mobility
- B. Site where the egg matures
- C. Helps control urine flow
- D. Connects each testis to the urethra
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The vas deferens is a duct that connects each testis to the urethra, allowing the transport of sperm.
Choice A is incorrect because the vas deferens does not produce fluid to increase sperm mobility.
Choice B is incorrect as the vas deferens is not a site for egg maturation.
Choice C is incorrect as the vas deferens does not help control urine flow, its primary role is in the transport of sperm.
Which of the following structures can serve as a passageway for both food and air?
- A. Esophagus
- B. Laryngopharynx
- C. Nasopharynx
- D. Trachea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the Laryngopharynx. It is a common passageway for both food and air. The Esophagus (Choice A) is solely for transporting food from the throat to the stomach. The Nasopharynx (Choice C) is primarily involved in the passage of air. The Trachea (Choice D) is responsible for conducting air to and from the lungs and does not play a role in the passage of food.
Which of the following is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?
- A. Knee
- B. Hip
- C. Elbow
- D. Wrist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Hip. The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint, characterized by the spherical head of one bone (femur) fitting into the cup-like socket of another bone (pelvis). This structure allows for a wide range of motion in multiple directions, such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the knee, elbow, and wrist joints are not ball-and-socket joints. The knee is a hinge joint, allowing flexion and extension movements. The elbow is a hinge joint that allows flexion and extension, while the wrist is a condyloid joint permitting flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction movements.
What is the name of the long bone found in the upper arm?
- A. Femur
- B. Tibia
- C. Humerus
- D. Radius
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is the humerus. The humerus is the long bone located in the upper arm, between the shoulder and elbow. Option A, Femur, is incorrect as it is the long bone found in the thigh. Option B, Tibia, is incorrect as it is a long bone found in the lower leg. Option D, Radius, is incorrect as it is a bone located in the forearm, not the upper arm.
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
- A. To carry oxygen
- B. To fight infection
- C. To transport nutrients
- D. To transport waste
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "To fight infection." White blood cells are primarily responsible for fighting infections and foreign invaders in the body, making them a critical component of the immune system. Choice A, "To carry oxygen," is incorrect as red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport. Choice C, "To transport nutrients," is incorrect as this function is mainly attributed to blood plasma and other specialized cells. Choice D, "To transport waste," is also incorrect as waste removal is primarily handled by the kidneys and the lymphatic system, not white blood cells.