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Which imaging modality is most commonly used to diagnose fractures of the long bones, such as the femur or tibia?
- A. X-ray
- B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- C. Computed tomography (CT) scan
- D. Ultrasound
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: X-ray is the most commonly used imaging modality to diagnose fractures of the long bones, such as the femur or tibia. X-rays are readily available, fast, cost-effective, and provide detailed images of the bone structures. Fractures appear as breaks or discontinuities in the bone on X-ray images, making it an excellent tool for diagnosing bone fractures. In many cases, X-rays are sufficient to confirm the presence, location, and type of fracture, allowing for appropriate treatment planning. Other imaging modalities like MRI and CT scans may be used for further evaluation in complex cases, but X-ray remains the initial and primary choice for diagnosing long bone fractures.
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After a throurough assessment by the physician-specialist, an order for an immediate sonogram was made specific for the medical condition?
- A. Operation Room
- B. Intervention
- C. Laboratory
- D. CT Scan
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the physician-specialist assessed the patient and determined that an immediate sonogram is needed for the medical condition. An intervention is a specific action taken in response to a medical need or condition. Ordering an immediate sonogram falls under the category of an intervention because it involves a timely and targeted diagnostic procedure to address the medical situation identified by the physician. The other options (A. Operation Room, C. Laboratory, D. CT scan) do not accurately represent the specific action of ordering a sonogram in response to the medical condition assessed by the physician.
"The dress code in this facility does not include wearing blue jeans while on duty". This statement is an example of using which step in giving constructive criticism?
- A. Expressing empathy
- B. Stating expectation
- C. Describing the behavior
- D. Listing consequences
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement provided clearly outlines the expectation regarding the dress code in the facility. By explicitly mentioning that wearing blue jeans while on duty is not included in the dress code, the individual is being informed about a specific expectation they are expected to adhere to. Stating expectations is a crucial step in giving constructive criticism as it sets a clear standard for behavior or performance. In this case, by mentioning the dress code policy, it helps guide the individual on what is acceptable and what is not when it comes to attire while at work.
The nurse prepares a care plan for the patient. Based on Ramona Mercer's becoming a mother (BAM) theory, which of the following statements fosters the process of becoming a mother?
- A. The woman becomes comfortable with her identity as a married individual.
- B. It encompasses the dynamic transformation and evolution of a woman's persona.
- C. A woman learns mothering behavior prior as early as a teenager.
- D. It accurately reflects the transitional process from being single to a married relationship.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ramona Mercer's becoming a mother (BAM) theory emphasizes the dynamic transformation and evolution of a woman's persona as she transitions into motherhood. This theory acknowledges that becoming a mother is a process involving significant changes in a woman's identity, roles, and relationships. It goes beyond just the physical aspects of giving birth and delves into the psychological, emotional, and social aspects of motherhood. Therefore, statement B aligns with the core principles of Mercer's BAM theory and fosters the understanding of the process of becoming a mother.
One of the patients is manifesting signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal such as: tremors, diaphoresis, and hyperactivity. Blood pressure is 190/92 mm.Hg and pulse rate of 92 beats/min. Which of the following medications should you expect to be ordered for these patients?
- A. Lorazepam ( Ativan )
- B. Haloperidol ( Haldol )
- C. Naloxone ( Narcan )
- D. Benztropin ( Cogentin )
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, such as tremors, diaphoresis, hyperactivity, elevated blood pressure, and tachycardia. Lorazepam, which is a benzodiazepine, is commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms. It helps alleviate symptoms such as anxiety, agitation, tremors, and seizures by acting on the same brain receptors affected by alcohol. It has sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant properties which can help stabilize the patient and prevent potential complications of alcohol withdrawal, such as seizures. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic medication used for conditions like schizophrenia and acute psychosis; therefore, it would not be appropriate for alcohol withdrawal. Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, and Benztropin is used to treat Parkinson's disease and extrapyramidal symptoms, so they are not indicated for alcohol
A postpartum client who is breastfeeding expresses concerns about breast engorgement and discomfort. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to alleviate symptoms?
- A. Encouraging frequent breastfeeding or pumping sessions
- B. Applying cold packs to the breasts between feedings
- C. Recommending the use of a supportive bra or breast binder
- D. Administering oral analgesics for pain relief
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention to alleviate breast engorgement and discomfort in a breastfeeding client is to encourage frequent breastfeeding or pumping sessions. Engorgement occurs when the breasts become overly full of milk, causing them to become swollen, firm, and painful. By ensuring that the baby breastfeeds frequently, the client can effectively empty the breasts, which helps to relieve engorgement and discomfort. Encouraging the client to breastfeed on demand and ensuring proper latching can help prevent further engorgement issues. Pumping can also be useful if the baby is unable to feed directly from the breast or to relieve engorgement between feedings. This intervention addresses the root cause of the problem and promotes the client's comfort and breastfeeding success. Applying cold packs, using a supportive bra or breast binder, and administering oral analgesics may provide some relief for discomfort but do not address the underlying issue of engorgement.