Nokea
Which information should the nurse stress in teaching a patient how best to relieve the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?
- A. Decrease her consumption of caffein
- C. Drink a small glass of wine with her evening meal.
- D. Decrease her fluid intake to prevent fluid retention.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decrease her consumption of caffeine. Caffeine can exacerbate PMS symptoms such as irritability and breast tenderness. By reducing caffeine intake, the patient may experience a reduction in these symptoms. Choice B is incomplete. Choice C is incorrect as alcohol can worsen PMS symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as decreasing fluid intake is not recommended, as it may lead to dehydration and exacerbate symptoms.
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Going from the ovary to the uterus, the sequence of the divisions of the uterine tubes is:
- A. Isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae, and infundibulum
- B. Ampulla, isthmus, infundibulum, and fimbriae
- C. Fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus
- D. Fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus, and infundibulum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct sequence is fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, and isthmus.
The layer of uterine muscle that is most active during labor is composed of fibers is which of the following?
- A. Longitudinal
- B. Interlacing
- C. Circular
- D. NA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The longitudinal muscle fibers of the uterus are primarily responsible for the strong contractions during labor.
Which of the following is not a synonym for the premenstrual phase?
- A. Postovulatory phase
- B. Luteal phase
- C. Secretory phase
- D. Estrogen phase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The premenstrual phase is not referred to as the estrogen phase.
After Sam fathers five children, he and his wife decide that he should have a vasectomy, which is a cutting and removal of a small section of each vas deferens. Why will this cause Sam to be infertile?
- A. It will become impossible for him to ejaculate during coitus.
- B. The sperm will not be able to get from the epididymis to the urethra.
- C. He will no longer produce sperm.
- D. The seminal fluid will be too acidic for the sperm to survive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Vasectomy involves cutting and removing a small section of each vas deferens, the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra.
Step 2: By severing the vas deferens, sperm are physically blocked from reaching the urethra.
Step 3: Without the ability for sperm to travel through the vas deferens to the urethra, they cannot be ejaculated during coitus.
Step 4: Therefore, choice B is correct - the sperm will not be able to get from the epididymis to the urethra, causing infertility.
Summary:
Choice A is incorrect because ejaculation is the release of semen, not sperm. Choice C is incorrect as the testicles continue to produce sperm, but the sperm cannot reach the urethra. Choice D is incorrect as the acidity of seminal fluid does not affect the ability of sperm to travel through the vas deferens.
Early decelerations with a normal fetal heart rate variability during labor have which of the following indications?
- A. they often indicate fetal congenital heart disease
- B. they do not indicate fetal hypoxia
- C. they may indicate fetal acidemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early decelerations are typically benign and related to head compression during contractions.