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Which instruction should the nurse provide to a client with endocarditis?
- A. Take antibiotics exactly as prescribed.
- B. Increase dietary sodium intake.
- C. Avoid dental checkups.
- D. Resume heavy lifting in 2 weeks.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adhering to antibiotic therapy is critical to eradicate the infection in endocarditis.
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The client with an arterial disorder reports cold feet. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Apply warm blankets to the feet.
- B. Check the pedal pulses bilaterally.
- C. Elevate the feet above heart level.
- D. Massage the feet to improve circulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checking pedal pulses assesses arterial perfusion, which is critical in determining the cause of cold feet in arterial disorders.
The client prescribed rivaroxaban (Xarelto), an anticoagulant, is complaining of dark, tarry stool. Which should the nurse implement first?
- A. Notify the health-care provider (HCP).
- B. Ask the client to provide a stool sample.
- C. Ask the client when the rivaroxaban was last taken.
- D. Assess the client for ecchymotic areas and bleeding.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dark, tarry stool suggests GI bleeding; notifying HCP (A) is first for urgent evaluation. Stool sample (B), last dose (C), and bleeding assessment (D) follow.
The nurse is teaching the client recently diagnosed with essential hypertension. Which instruction should the nurse provide when discussing heart healthy exercise?
- A. Walk at least 30 minutes a day on flat surfaces.
- B. Perform light weight lifting three (3) times a week.
- C. Recommend high-intensity aerobics daily.
- D. Encourage the client to swim laps once a week.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Walking 30 minutes daily (A) is aerobic, safe, and effective for hypertension. Light weight lifting (B) is less ideal, high-intensity aerobics (C) is too strenuous, and weekly swimming (D) is insufficient.
Which diagnostic test would the nurse expect to be ordered for a client suspected of having an arterial disorder?
- A. Ankle-brachial index (ABI)
- B. Venous duplex ultrasound
- C. D-dimer blood test
- D. Complete blood count (CBC)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a non-invasive test that compares blood pressure in the ankle and arm to diagnose peripheral artery disease.
Which risk factor for coronary artery disease should the nurse address first in a client who smokes?
- A. High cholesterol
- B. Obesity
- C. Smoking
- D. Sedentary lifestyle
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smoking cessation is a priority, as it directly reduces endothelial damage and improves oxygen delivery.