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Which instruction(s) will the nurse include when teaching patients about gentamicin? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Patients should report any hearing loss.
- B. Patients should use sunscreen when taking gentamicin.
- C. Intravenous gentamicin will be given over 20 minutes.
- D. Patients are monitored for mouth ulcers and vaginitis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic associated with ototoxicity, which can manifest as hearing loss or tinnitus. Patients should be instructed to report any changes in hearing. Sunscreen is not specifically required for gentamicin, as it does not cause photosensitivity. Intravenous gentamicin is typically infused over 30-60 minutes, not 20 minutes. Monitoring for mouth ulcers and vaginitis is not a priority with gentamicin, but renal function and ototoxicity should be closely monitored.
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A healthcare provider is caring for a client who has a new prescription for Epoetin Alfa. Which of the following laboratory values should the healthcare provider monitor?
- A. WBC count.
- B. Platelet count.
- C. Hemoglobin.
- D. Serum potassium.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epoetin alfa is a medication that stimulates red blood cell production, so hemoglobin levels should be monitored to assess the effectiveness of the drug. Monitoring hemoglobin levels helps evaluate the response to Epoetin Alfa treatment and ensures that the client's anemia is being appropriately managed.
A 19-year-old G1P0 woman at 34 weeks gestation lost her eyeglasses for a day. Constant squinting causes her to develop a headache. She asks her doctor for a pain reliever. Which of the following drugs may disrupt her fetus' circulatory system?
- A. Acetaminophen
- B. Codeine
- C. Hydrocodone
- D. Ketorolac
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client has been prescribed Prednisone for an inflammatory condition and is receiving discharge teaching from a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
- C. Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
- D. Take this medication in the morning to prevent insomnia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to take Prednisone in the morning to prevent insomnia. Prednisone can cause insomnia as a side effect, so taking it in the morning can help minimize this issue. It is important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding the timing of Prednisone administration to optimize its effectiveness and minimize adverse effects.
When administering IV Amphotericin B to a client with a systemic fungal infection, the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Constipation
- C. Fever
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is fever. Amphotericin B is known to cause adverse effects such as fever, chills, and nausea during infusion. Monitoring for fever is essential as it can indicate an adverse reaction. To manage these effects, pretreatment with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen can be administered.
A healthcare professional is reviewing laboratory results for a client who is receiving heparin via continuous IV infusion. Which of the following results indicates that the heparin infusion should be increased?
- A. aPTT of 90 seconds
- B. Platelet count of 150,000/mm³
- C. INR of 1.0
- D. Hgb of 15 g/dL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An aPTT of 90 seconds is above the therapeutic range for heparin, which typically falls between 60-80 seconds. This indicates that the current heparin dose is too high, and the infusion rate should be decreased to avoid excessive anticoagulation and the risk of bleeding. Monitoring aPTT is crucial in adjusting heparin therapy to maintain it within the therapeutic range.