Nokea
Which intervention should the nurse implement to maintain adequate hydration in an immobile patient?
- A. Offering fluids at room temperature
- B. Limiting fluid intake to prevent incontinence
- C. Providing a straw for easier drinking
- D. Administering intravenous fluids continuously
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Offering room-temperature fluids maintains hydration in immobile patients by encouraging intake comfortably, supporting circulation and organ function. Limiting fluids risks dehydration, straws help but aren't universal, and IV fluids aren't routine. Nurses promote this to ensure fluid balance, adapting to patient preferences, a simple yet effective hydration strategy in restricted mobility cases.
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A client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should avoid foods that contain carbohydrates.
- B. You should decrease your intake of high-fiber foods.
- C. You should increase your intake of high-protein foods.
- D. You should monitor your carbohydrate intake.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'You should monitor your carbohydrate intake.' Monitoring carbohydrate intake is essential for managing blood glucose levels in clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. By monitoring carbohydrate intake, individuals can make informed decisions about their dietary choices and better control their blood sugar levels. Avoiding foods that contain carbohydrates (choice A) is not advisable as carbohydrates are an essential nutrient that can be consumed in moderation. Decreasing intake of high-fiber foods (choice B) is not recommended as fiber is beneficial for glycemic control and overall health. Increasing intake of high-protein foods (choice C) is not the primary focus of dietary management for type 2 diabetes; while protein is important, it is more crucial to monitor carbohydrate intake for effective blood sugar management.
Which of the following statement is TRUE about illness behavior?
- A. How people react when they are sick
- B. How people prevent illness
- C. How people treat illness
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Illness behavior is how people react when sick (A), per sociology e.g., seeking care. Prevention (B) and treatment (C) are separate, not all (D). A truly defines illness response, making it correct.
Which of the following is responsible for the rhythm and quality of breathing?
- A. Medulla oblongata
- B. Pons
- C. Carotid bodies
- D. Aortic bodies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The medulla's respiratory center sets rhythm and depth e.g., 12-20 breaths/min via dorsal/ventral groups. Pons refines, carotid/aortic adjust via chemo input. Nurses assess this e.g., COPD for function, per neurophysiology.
The nurse informed the doctor that Mr. Gary does not want a certain procedure. This is an example of?
- A. Advocacy
- B. Fidelity
- C. Veracity
- D. Justice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informing the doctor of Mr. Gary's refusal is advocacy (A) upholding his rights, per nursing. Fidelity (B) promises, veracity (C) truth, justice (D) fairness not refusal-based. A supports autonomy, making it correct.
The nurse is planning care for a client with a chronic illness. Which intervention reflects tertiary prevention?
- A. Screening the client for depression
- B. Teaching the client strategies for living with the illness
- C. Encouraging the client to receive an annual flu vaccine
- D. Educating the client about preventing transmission of illness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tertiary prevention optimizes life with a chronic illness, reducing its impact post-diagnosis. Teaching strategies for living with it like pacing activities for arthritis helps the client adapt, minimizing disability and enhancing function, a nursing priority. Screening for depression is secondary, detecting new issues, not managing the existing one. An annual flu vaccine is primary, preventing unrelated illness, not addressing the chronic condition's effects. Educating about transmission fits infectious cases, not all chronic ones. This intervention tailored coping reflects nursing's role in rehabilitation, ensuring clients thrive despite limits. For instance, teaching a heart failure client fluid management cuts readmissions, aligning with tertiary care's focus on sustaining quality of life through practical, illness-specific support.