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Which is an example of asymptomatic pathogenesis?
- A. Blood pressure of 170/98 experiencing headaches
- B. Positive finding on colonoscopy and blood in stool
- C. Elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
- D. Elevated TSH who is always tired
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated PSA without symptoms is an example of asymptomatic pathogenesis, where the disease is present but not yet manifested.
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According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, which of the following statements is correct?
- A. Cognitive function continues to become refined throughout life.
- B. A child’s greatest task is to make sense of the world around him or her.
- C. Culture plays a major role in cognitive development.
- D. Learning precedes development.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Piaget believed a child's greatest task is to make sense of the world, focusing on cognitive development as it pertains to the individual.
Which cultural group defines illness as a price that is being paid for the past or the future?
- A. African
- B. Native American
- C. Arabian
- D. Asian
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: American Indians define illness as a price for actions in the past or the future, reflecting their spiritual beliefs.
When providing an educational session about the Arab American population, which of the following information would be included?
- A. The largest group of Arab Americans was refugees in the 1960s.
- B. The largest groups of Arab Americans are from Palestine and Iraq.
- C. Members of the Arab American population are most likely to live in rural communities.
- D. Members of the Arab American population are more likely to have college degrees than Americans at large.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Arab Americans, particularly those who immigrated in the 1960s, tend to be highly educated compared to the general U.S. population.
Which clients are at greatest risk of mortality from cardiac disease?
- A. Black man with a blood pressure of 130/80
- B. Mexican American man with a blood pressure of 110/60
- C. White woman with a blood pressure of 120/80
- D. Black woman with a blood pressure of 128/78
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Black individuals, particularly men with higher blood pressure, are at increased risk for mortality from cardiac disease.
What would be the best way for a parent to explain to a toddler that he needs to receive the influenza vaccine at today’s appointment?
- A. “You need the shot to keep you healthy. You will feel a little pinch when you get the shot.”
- B. “You need the shot to prevent the flu. They will use a small needle to administer the shot. It will not take long.”
- C. “You need a shot, but don’t worry, you won’t feel a thing.”
- D. “No, you will not get any needles today.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Honest and simple explanations about what the toddler will experience help them prepare for the shot.