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Which is an important nursing consideration when caring for an infant with failure to thrive?
- A. Establish a structured routine and follow it consistently.
- B. Maintain a nondistracting environment by not speaking to child during feeding.
- C. Place child in an infant seat during feedings to prevent overstimulation.
- D. Limit sensory stimulation and play activities to alleviate fatigue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Establishing a structured routine and following it consistently is an important nursing consideration when caring for an infant with failure to thrive. Infants with failure to thrive often struggle with feeding, growth, and development. By providing a structured routine, you can create a predictable environment that can help promote the infant's overall well-being. Consistency in feeding times, nap times, and play times can help establish a sense of security and stability for the infant. This routine can also support proper feeding patterns, which are essential for addressing the infant's nutrition needs and promoting growth and development.
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A patient is being given Digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the ff. is a usual adult daily dosage of digoxin (Lanoxin)?
- A. 0.005 mg
- B. 0.025 mg
- C. 0.25 mg
- D. 2.5 mg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The usual adult daily dosage of digoxin (Lanoxin) for the treatment of heart failure typically ranges from 0.125 mg to 0.25 mg. The maintenance dose is specific to each individual patient's needs and is adjusted based on factors such as age, weight, renal function, and the presence of other medical conditions. The dosage prescribed should be carefully determined by a healthcare provider to ensure optimal therapeutic effects and minimize the risk of side effects associated with digoxin. Dosages higher than 0.25 mg are usually not recommended due to the narrow therapeutic index of digoxin. It is essential for patients taking digoxin to have their drug levels monitored regularly to prevent toxicity.
A 70-year old male diagnosed with BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) asks the nurse about his disease. The best response would be:
- A. "It an be caused by chronic infection of the urinary tract."
- B. "It was caused by your chronic cigarette smoking."
- C. "As you age, hormonal imbalances are the more likey cause of your disease."
- D. "Chronic obstruction of the bladder due to stone can cause BPH."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C, "As you age, hormonal imbalances are the more likely cause of your disease," is the best response. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in aging men characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. It is predominantly influenced by hormonal changes, specifically the imbalance between levels of testosterone and estrogen as men age. This hormonal imbalance leads to the proliferation of prostatic tissue and subsequent enlargement of the prostate gland, causing symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency, weak stream, and difficulty emptying the bladder. Chronic infection of the urinary tract (Option A) and chronic cigarette smoking (Option B) are not the primary causes of BPH. While chronic obstruction of the bladder due to a stone (Option D) can cause similar symptoms to BPH, the underlying etiology of BPH is related to hormonal changes associated with aging.
On what is successful breastfeeding most dependent?
- A. Mother's socioeconomic level
- B. Size of mother's breasts
- C. Mother's desire to breastfeed
- D. Birth weight of newborn
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Successful breastfeeding is most dependent on the mother's desire to breastfeed. A mother who is committed and motivated to breastfeed is more likely to overcome any challenges that may arise, such as difficulty latching, low milk supply, or lack of support. The mother's determination and willingness to persevere through any difficulties play a significant role in the success of breastfeeding. Additionally, a positive attitude and mindset can greatly impact the mother's breastfeeding experience and enhance the bond between the mother and baby.
The nurse is conducting teaching for an adolescent being discharged to home after a renal transplant. The adolescent needs further teaching if which statement is made?
- A. "I will report any fever to my primary health care provider."
- B. "I am glad I only have to take the immunosuppressant medication for two weeks."
- C. "I will observe my incision for any redness or swelling."
- D. "I won't miss doing kidney dialysis every week."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement "I am glad I only have to take the immunosuppressant medication for two weeks" indicates a misunderstanding about the long-term nature of immunosuppressant therapy following a renal transplant. In reality, individuals who undergo a renal transplant need to take immunosuppressant medications for the rest of their lives to prevent rejection of the donor kidney. Failure to adhere to this medication regimen can result in rejection of the transplanted kidney. Therefore, this statement indicates a need for further teaching to ensure the adolescent understands the importance of lifelong immunosuppressant therapy.
An adult is on a clear liquid diet. Which food item can be offered/
- A. Milk
- B. Orange juice
- C. Jello
- D. Ice cream
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When an adult is on a clear liquid diet, foods that are easy to digest and leave little residue in the gastrointestinal tract are recommended. Clear liquids include water, broth, fruit juices without pulp, and gelatin desserts like Jello. Jello is a good option because it is easily digestible, does not leave residue, and provides some calories and hydration. Milk, orange juice, and ice cream should be avoided on a clear liquid diet as they are not considered clear liquids and may not be as easily digestible.