Nokea
Which layer of cervical fascia forms the false capsule of thyroid gland?
- A. Carotid sheath
- B. Investing layer
- C. Pretracheal fascia
- D. Prevertebral fascia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pretracheal fascia. This layer surrounds the thyroid gland, forming the false capsule. It separates the thyroid from the strap muscles anteriorly and the trachea and esophagus posteriorly. The Carotid sheath (A) encloses the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve. The Investing layer (B) covers the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. The Prevertebral fascia (D) surrounds the vertebral column and deep neck muscles, not directly related to the thyroid gland.
You may also like to solve these questions
The rate of metabolism of all body cells is regulated by _______.
- A. parathyroid hormone
- B. aldosterone
- C. calcitonin
- D. thyroid hormone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in regulating the rate of metabolism in all body cells by influencing the production of enzymes involved in energy production. It increases the body's metabolic rate, affecting processes such as heart rate, temperature regulation, and energy expenditure. Parathyroid hormone (A) regulates calcium levels, aldosterone (B) regulates electrolyte balance, and calcitonin (C) regulates calcium metabolism, but they do not directly influence overall metabolism rate in all body cells. Thyroid hormone is the primary hormone responsible for controlling metabolism throughout the body.
When caring for a patient with primary hyperaldosteronism, the nurse would question a health care provider's prescription for which drug?
- A. Furosemide (Lasix)
- B. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- C. Amiloride (Midamor)
- D. Aminoglutethimide (Cytadren)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic that can exacerbate hypokalemia, which is already a concern in primary hyperaldosteronism. Spironolactone, Amiloride, and Aminoglutethimide can be more appropriate for managing the condition.
Which of the following is not under the direct control of the pituitary gland?
- A. Adrenal cortical secretion of glucocorticoid
- B. Parathyroid secretion of PTH
- C. Thyroid gland secretion of T3 and T4
- D. Ovarian secretion of estrogen and progesterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The pituitary gland does not directly control the parathyroid gland secretion of PTH. The pituitary gland is responsible for secreting hormones that regulate other endocrine glands, such as adrenal cortex (A), thyroid gland (C), and ovaries (D). In contrast, the parathyroid gland is primarily regulated by the calcium levels in the blood, not directly by the pituitary gland. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are all glands whose secretions are directly controlled by the pituitary gland.
Which of the following hormones is released from the posterior pituitary gland?
- A. Antidiuretic hormone
- B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
- C. Parathyroid hormone
- D. Prolactin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the posterior pituitary and plays a key role in regulating water balance in the body.
Myxedema, Graves’ disease, and cretinism are:
- A. hypothyroid disorders.
- B. due to a deficiency of TSH.
- C. disorders of the thyroid gland.
- D. best treated with T3 and/or T4.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Myxedema, Graves' disease, and cretinism are all disorders directly related to the thyroid gland, involving either hypo or hyperactivity. Myxedema and cretinism are hypothyroid disorders, while Graves' disease is a hyperthyroid disorder. Thus, the correct answer is C. Choice A is incorrect as Graves' disease is a hyperthyroid disorder. Choice B is incorrect as these disorders are not solely due to a deficiency of TSH. Choice D is incorrect as treatment can vary depending on the specific disorder and may not always involve T3 and/or T4.