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Which leading cause of death topic should the nurse emphasize to a group of African- American boys ranging in age from 15 to 19 years?
- A. Suicide
- B. Cancer
- C. Firearm homicide
- D. Occupational injuries
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should emphasize the leading cause of death topic related to firearm homicide to a group of African-American boys ranging in age from 15 to 19 years. This population is at a higher risk of being victims of firearm violence due to various socio-economic factors and systemic issues. By addressing the issue of firearm homicide, the nurse can provide important information on violence prevention, conflict resolution strategies, and community resources to help keep these young males safe. This education can potentially help reduce the risk of injury or death from firearm-related incidents within this vulnerable population.
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A 58-year-old man is diagnosed with cancer of the larynx. Which of the ff. are early symptoms of this cancer?
- A. Anemia and fatigue
- B. A noticeable lump in the neck
- C. Crackles and stridor
- D. Dysphagia or hoarseness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Early symptoms of cancer of the larynx typically include persistent hoarseness or a change in the voice quality. This may be due to the tumor affecting the vocal cords. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can also be an early sign. As the tumor grows, it may cause obstruction or compression in the throat, leading to difficulties in swallowing. These symptoms should prompt further evaluation by a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment planning. Anemia and fatigue (Choice A) are more general symptoms that can occur in cancer patients but are not typically specific to laryngeal cancer. The presence of a noticeable lump in the neck (Choice B) may indicate swelling of lymph nodes due to cancer spread but is not an early symptom commonly associated with laryngeal cancer. Crackles and stridor (Choice C) are respiratory sounds associated with conditions affecting the airways and are less likely to be early symptoms
The nurse should implement which prescribed treatment for a child with warts?
- A. Vaccination
- B. Local destruction
- C. Corticosteroids
- D. Specific antibiotic therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warts are caused by viral infections, mainly the human papillomavirus (HPV). Local destruction methods, such as cryotherapy (freezing), laser therapy, or chemical treatment, are the preferred treatments for warts in children. These methods physically destroy the wart tissue, helping to eliminate the virus and promote healing. Vaccination, corticosteroids, and specific antibiotic therapy are not typically prescribed treatments for warts.
Which of the ff is the most important factor in the nursing management of a client with CFS?
- A. Teaching the client how to avoid aggravating the disease
- B. Informing the client about the drug therapy that will provide significant improvement
- C. Advising the client to alter the diet and environment
- D. Educating the client about the disease process and its limitations
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Educating the client about the disease process and its limitations is the most important factor in the nursing management of a client with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Providing information about the disease, its symptoms, potential triggers, and the importance of self-care is crucial in empowering the client to manage their condition effectively. Understanding the limitations imposed by CFS can help the client make necessary adjustments in their lifestyle, activities, and energy management. Education also plays a key role in setting realistic expectations and preventing exacerbation of symptoms by avoiding overexertion or pushing beyond their limits. By understanding the disease process and its impact, the client can actively participate in their care and strive for better quality of life.
A previously "potty-trained" 30-month-old child has reverted to wearing diapers while hospitalized. The nurse should reassure the parents that this is normal because of which reason?
- A. Regression is seen during hospitalization.
- B. Developmental delays occur because of the hospitalization.
- C. The child is experiencing urinary urgency because of hospitalization.
- D. The child was too young to be "potty-trained."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regression in toilet training is a common behavior seen in young children, especially during times of stress or change, such as hospitalization. The child may revert to familiar behaviors, such as wearing diapers, as a way of seeking comfort and security during a stressful experience like being in the hospital. It is important for the nurse to reassure the parents that this regression is temporary and normal under the circumstances. By providing support and understanding, the child will likely return to their previous toilet training habits once they are back in their usual environment.
The nurse is teaching the family about caring for their 7-year-old, who has been diagnosed with type I DM. What information should the nurse provide about type I DM?
- A. Best managed through diet, exercise, and oral medication.
- B. Can be prevented by proper nutrition and activity.
- C. Characterized mainly by insulin resistance.
- D. Characterized mainly by insulin deficiency.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Type I DM, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is characterized mainly by insulin deficiency. In this type of diabetes, the pancreas produces little to no insulin, which is essential for regulating blood glucose levels. Therefore, individuals with type I DM require lifelong insulin therapy to manage their condition. Unlike type II DM, which is associated with insulin resistance, type I DM is not preventable through lifestyle modifications like diet and exercise alone. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the family about the importance of insulin therapy, monitoring blood glucose levels, carbohydrate counting, and responding to hypoglycemic episodes in caring for their 7-year-old with type I DM.