Nokea
Regarding physical growth of middle childhood (6-11 years), all are true EXCEPT
- A. 3-3.5 kg weight increment/yr
- B. 6-7 cm height increment/yr
- C. brain stops myelinization by 8 years
- D. risk for future obesity falls by 6 years
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Risk for obesity does not necessarily fall by 6 years.
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Which manifestation is more specific to occur in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) than other types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
- A. primary bone marrow involvement
- B. intestinal involvement
- C. CNS involvement
- D. primary mediastinal involvement
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Primary mediastinal involvement is a hallmark feature of ALCL.
The nurse should implement which prescribed treatment for a child with warts?
- A. Vaccination
- B. Local destruction
- C. Corticosteroids
- D. Specific antibiotic therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warts are caused by viral infections, mainly the human papillomavirus (HPV). Local destruction methods, such as cryotherapy (freezing), laser therapy, or chemical treatment, are the preferred treatments for warts in children. These methods physically destroy the wart tissue, helping to eliminate the virus and promote healing. Vaccination, corticosteroids, and specific antibiotic therapy are not typically prescribed treatments for warts.
Which finding on a newborn assessment should the nurse recognize as suggestive of a clavicle fracture?
- A. Negative scarf sign
- B. Asymmetric Moro reflex
- C. Swelling of fingers on affected side
- D. Paralysis of affected extremity and muscles
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A newborn with a clavicle fracture may present with swelling of the fingers on the affected side. This is due to the injury disrupting the nerves and blood vessels that supply the arm, leading to edema and swelling in the fingers. The other signs mentioned in the options are not typically associated with a clavicle fracture. A negative scarf sign relates to positioning of the arm and is not specific to a clavicle fracture. Asymmetric Moro reflex can be a normal finding in newborns and not indicative of a fracture. Paralysis of the affected extremity and muscles would be more suggestive of a nerve injury rather than a clavicle fracture.
Which of the ff is the potential complication the nurse should monitor for when caring for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome?
- A. Chest wall bulging
- B. Renal failure
- C. Difficulty swallowing
- D. Orthopnea CARING FOR CLIENTS WITH INFECTIOUS AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF THE HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious condition that can lead to various complications, including renal failure. When a client is experiencing ARDS, the lungs become severely inflamed and filled with fluid, which can lead to decreased oxygen levels in the blood. This decrease in oxygen can place a significant strain on the kidneys, potentially resulting in renal failure. Therefore, it is crucial for nurses to monitor the client for signs and symptoms of renal failure, such as changes in urine output, fluid imbalance, electrolyte abnormalities, and altered mental status. Timely detection and management of renal complications in clients with ARDS are essential to prevent further deterioration of the client's condition.
The nurse is aware that a healthy newborn's respirations are:
- A. Regular, abdominal, 40-50 per minute, deep
- B. Irregular, abdominal, 30-60 per minute, shallow
- C. Irregular, initiated by chest wall, 30-60 per minute, deep
- D. Regular, initiated by the chest wall, 40-60 per minute, shallow
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A healthy newborn's respirations are typically irregular, abdominal, with a rate of 30-60 per minute, and tend to be shallow. Newborns have immature respiratory centers in their brain, leading to irregular breathing patterns compared to adults. Their breathing is usually abdominal due to their diaphragmatic breathing pattern. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn can fluctuate between 30-60 breaths per minute, with shallow breathing being characteristic of their physiology. Regular shallow breathing with occasional periods of apnea is considered normal in newborns and should not be a cause for concern.