Nokea
Which myotome is responsible for extension of the hip
- A. L3/4
- B. L4/L5
- C. L5/S1
- D. S1/S2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The L3 and L4 nerve roots innervate the quadriceps and iliopsoas muscles, which are involved in hip extension. This is important in assessing lumbar nerve root function.
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Mrs. Iris is complaining of pressure in the ischial area due to the Thomas half-ring. What nursing measure would be appropriate to relieve the pressure?
- A. Wash, dry and powder the skin well
- B. Increase the weight on the rope suspending the ring
- C. Elevate the foot of the entire bed
- D. Raise the head to semi-Fowler position
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevating the foot of the bed can redistribute weight and relieve pressure.
You have been caring for a patient with osteomyelitis. In preparing the patient for discharge, you include teaching about
- A. The importance of completing the multiple-week treatment with antibiotics.
- B. The side effects and interactions of the medications.
- C. Symptoms that necessitate a call to the physician, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All aspects mentioned are crucial for effective post-discharge care and prevention of complications.
Sitting relaxed and facing you, have your patient perform the following sequence of activities: With arms outstretched, alternately bring in each hand and touch the tip of each index finger to his nose. Next, have the patient rapidly alternate patting his knees with the palmer , then the dorsal aspects of his hands. Finally, have the patient rapidly extend and tap his foot against your hand. Which component of the neurological exam are you assessing?
- A. Sensory function
- B. Cerebellar function
- C. Cranial nerves
- D. Mental status
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: These activities assess cerebellar function, which includes coordination, balance, and fine motor skills. Sensory function, cranial nerves, and mental status are evaluated through different tests, such as pinprick sensation, cranial nerve examination, and cognitive assessments.
What is a normal response when assessing the pupillary light reflex?
- A. Pupils constrict in response to light and then dilate when light is removed.
- B. Pupils remain dilated regardless of light exposure.
- C. Pupils remain constricted regardless of light exposure.
- D. Pupils respond unevenly to light.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The normal pupillary light reflex involves constriction in response to light and dilation when light is removed. Uneven or absent responses are abnormal.
The trigeminal nerve
- A. Has five divisions
- B. Mandibular division is purely sensory
- C. Has its motor nucleus in the upper pons
- D. Exits the skull entirely through the foramen ovale
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The trigeminal nerve has three divisions (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular) and a motor nucleus in the upper pons. The mandibular division carries both sensory and motor fibers.