Nokea
Which number in the diagram corresponds to the renal pelvis? (Figure 2)
- A. 3
- B. 7
- C. 13
- D. 14
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The number 13 corresponds to the renal pelvis because it is the funnel-shaped structure in the kidney that collects urine from the nephrons and channels it into the ureter. The renal pelvis is a critical part of the urinary system, as it serves as a reservoir for urine before it is excreted from the body.
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A 40-year-old client presents with a complaint of morning stiffness in her hands, and painful joints of about 3 months duration. On physical examination, you note deviation of the fingers of both hands toward the ulnar side, and swelling and thickening of the proximal interphalangeal joints. You refer the client to a physician for diagnosis and treatment of what you expect to be
- A. osteoarthritis
- B. degenerative joint disease
- C. rheumatoid arthritis
- D. gouty arthritis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Symptoms such as morning stiffness, joint swelling, and ulnar deviation are characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis.
Dysdiadochokinesia refers to ___________.
- A. inability to walk
- B. excessive movements of the appendages
- C. ignoring one side of the body opposite brain damage
- D. inability to do alternating movements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dysdiadochokinesia is the inability to perform rapid alternating movements, such as pronation and supination of the hand. It is often a sign of cerebellar dysfunction, which affects motor coordination.
One important nursing intervention for the patient with fibromyalgia is to teach the patient to do what?
- A. Rest the muscles as much as possible to avoid triggering pain.
- B. Plan nighttime sleep and naps to obtain 12 to 14 hours of sleep a day.
- C. Try the use of food supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin for relief of pain.
- D. Use stress management techniques such as biofeedback, meditation, or cognitive behavioral therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stress management reduces symptom severity.
What best describes the manifestations of OA?
- A. Smaller joints are typically affected first.
- B. There is joint stiffness after periods of inactivity.
- C. Joint stiffness is accompanied by fatigue, anorexia, and weight loss.
- D. Pain and immobility may be aggravated by falling barometric pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: OA stiffness occurs after inactivity.
What should be included in the management during the first 48 hours after an acute soft tissue injury of the ankle (select one that doesn't apply)?
- A. Use of elastic wrap
- B. Initial immobilization and rest
- C. Elevation of ankle above the heart
- D. Alternating the use of heat and cold
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The initial management includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) to reduce swelling and pain.