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Which nursing intervention is written correctly?
- A. Force fluids as necessary.
- B. Observe interaction with the infant.
- C. Encourage turning, coughing, and deep breathing. N R I G B.C M U S N T O
- D. Assist to ambulate for 10 minutes at 8 AM, 2 PM, and 6 PM.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct nursing intervention that is written correctly is option D. The intervention "Assist to ambulate for 10 minutes at 8 AM, 2 PM, and 6 PM" is clear, specific, and provides a specific time frame for the activity. It is important in nursing documentation to be precise and clearly state the details of the intervention to ensure effective communication among healthcare team members. This intervention also specifies the frequency and duration of the ambulation activity, which helps in ensuring continuity of care and proper execution of the intervention for the patient.
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In consideration of the historic evolution of maternity care, which treatment options were used over the past century? (Select all that apply.)
- A. During the nineteenth century, women of privilege were delivered by midwives in a hospital setting.
- B. Granny midwives received their training through a period of apprenticeship.
- C. The recognition of improved obstetric outcomes was related to increased usage of hygienic practices.
- D. A shift to hospital-based births occurred as a result of medical equipment designed to facilitate birth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. During the nineteenth century, women of privilege were typically delivered by midwives in a hospital setting. This practice was common among the wealthier class, as midwives were often considered the primary caregivers during childbirth.
The nurse is educating a 24-year-old female patient who was newly diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The patient was prescribed an antidiabetic medication. Which medication effects should the nurse educate the patient about? Select all that apply.
- A. A period of initial weight gain
- B. A change in her integumentary system
- C. Low blood sugar until her hormones stabilize
- D. Decreased likelihood of pregnancy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. A period of initial weight gain: The nurse should educate the patient about the potential for initial weight gain when starting an antidiabetic medication. This can be a common side effect, and it is important for the patient to be aware of it to avoid unnecessary concern. Weight gain may occur due to factors such as fluid retention or changes in metabolism.
A patient who is 6 months pregnant has sought medical attention, saying she fell down the stairs. Which scenario would cause an emergency department nurse to suspect that the woman has been battered?
- A. She avoids making eye contact and is hesitant to answer questions.
- B. The woman and her partner are having an argument that is loud and hostile.
- C. The woman has injuries on various parts of her body that are in different stages of healing.
- D. Examination reveals a fractured arm and fresh bruises. Her husband asks her about her pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the emergency department nurse would be most likely to suspect that the woman has been battered based on the presence of injuries on various parts of her body that are in different stages of healing. This pattern of injuries, known as the "battered woman syndrome," is a red flag for domestic violence. The varying stages of healing indicate that the injuries are not from a single accidental fall down the stairs but rather from repeated incidents of physical abuse. Additionally, the fact that the injuries are in different locations on the body further suggests that they are not the result of a single traumatic event. This situation warrants further investigation and intervention to ensure the safety and well-being of the pregnant woman and her unborn child.
What hormonal medication can be used in a premenopausal patient without the concurrent use of ovarian suppression?
- A. letrozole (Femara)
- B. exemestane (Aromasin)
- C. elacestrant (Orserdu)
- D. tamoxifen (Soltamox)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tamoxifen is a hormonal medication that can be used in premenopausal patients without the concurrent use of ovarian suppression. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that acts by blocking estrogen receptors in breast tissue, thereby inhibiting the growth of hormone-sensitive breast cancer cells. Tamoxifen is commonly prescribed for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Unlike aromatase inhibitors (e.g., letrozole and exemestane) which require ovarian suppression in premenopausal patients, tamoxifen can be used as monotherapy in premenopausal patients due to its different mechanism of action. Elacestrant is a selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) and not commonly used in clinical practice for this indication.
Which patient could safely be cared for by a certified nurse-midwife?
- A. Gravida 3, para 2, with no complications
- B. Gravida 1, para 0, with mild hypertension
- C. Gravida 2, para 1, with insulin-dependent diabetes N R I G B.C M U S N T O
- D. Gravida 1, para 0, with borderline pelvic measurements
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A patient who is Gravida 3, para 2, with no complications can safely be cared for by a certified nurse-midwife. This patient has had two previous pregnancies, both resulting in successful deliveries, and is currently not experiencing any complications. Nurse-midwives are trained to provide care for low-risk pregnancies and deliveries, making this patient an appropriate candidate for their care. Patients with mild hypertension (choice B), insulin-dependent diabetes (choice C), or borderline pelvic measurements (choice D) would likely require additional monitoring and potential intervention beyond the scope of practice of a certified nurse-midwife.