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Which of the following analyses is used to determine the optimal use of resources to reach a predetermined constant end point or the desired health outcome?
- A. Cost-benefit ratio analysis
- B. Cost-effectiveness analysis
- C. Cost-efficiency analysis
- D. Cost-disease analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cost-effectiveness analysis determines the best use of resources to achieve desired health outcomes.
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Which of the following illustrates that the objectives of health education and counseling have been met?
- A. Asthmatic who has a decrease in emergency department visits
- B. Asthmatic who has been prescribed an albuterol inhaler
- C. Asthmatic who attends an asthma education program
- D. Asthmatic who visits the emergency department with an exacerbation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A decrease in emergency department visits reflects the effectiveness of health education and improved health management.
A nurse assesses the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type 1 diabetic client. Which finding has implications for the individual’s nursing plan of care?
- A. Decreased sense of hearing
- B. Decreased sense of smell
- C. Decreased sense of taste
- D. Decreased visual acuity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Visual acuity is essential for administering insulin and for monitoring health in a person with Type 1 diabetes.
A nurse is caring for a Hispanic individual. Which question should the nurse ask the person during the assessment process?
- A. “How many herbal medicines do you take?”
- B. “You cannot use any herbal products in the hospital. Did you bring any?”
- C. “Herbal products interact with medicine, so you cannot continue to use the herbal products. Which ones do you use?”
- D. “Tell me how you treat your asthma at home. What treatments work especially well for you?”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Many in the Hispanic culture use herbal products and alternative therapy. Asking open-ended questions encourages the person to share their experiences.
Suspicion of Bioterrorism
- A. Two people from a restaurant with nausea and vomiting
- B. Lab worker with a headache
- C. 13 people with ascending muscle paralysis
- D. Five people with upper respiratory infections
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ascending paralysis is a hallmark sign of botulism, a potential bioterrorism event.
Conditions to Screen for in an 80-year-old
- A. Polypharmacy
- B. Kidney failure
- C. Illegal drug use
- D. Alcoholism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Older adults on multiple medications are at higher risk for drug interactions, making polypharmacy a key concern.