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Which of the following statements best describes the application of moral or ethical theory to the practices involved in health promotion?
- A. One can be assured of morally correct action in a given situation if one adheres to a theory of moral principles.
- B. There are no identifiable criteria that can be used effectively to determine correct actions in a given situation.
- C. The good of the larger population always takes precedence over the good of one individual.
- D. Making ethical decisions regarding human health involves the consideration of multiple factors.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ethical decisions in health promotion require a balanced assessment of various factors.
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A nurse is educating a group of adults who are attempting smoking cessation. Which intervention would be most effective for the nurse to implement?
- A. Give the group members a handout on the dangers of smoking
- B. Set a quit date with the group and determine which pharmacological method is most suitable for group members
- C. Provide a month’s supply of nicotine replacement to use before the next visit
- D. Have a guest speaker who has been diagnosed with lung cancer speak to the group
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Setting a quit date and developing an action plan with the group can increase motivation and commitment to quitting.
A nurse is explaining the concept of “presence.” The nurse should include that presence means that the person:
- A. is in the same room as another.
- B. multitasks in order to examine all aspects of a situation.
- C. sets goals in response to what another is saying.
- D. practices active listening and focuses on what is being said.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The concept of “presence” means that a person’s full attention is focused on the situation at hand. Multitasking produces the opposite effect because focus is lost.
What percentage of adolescent females suffer from an eating disorder in the United States?
- A. 5%
- B. 10%
- C. 15%
- D. 20%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Approximately 10% of adolescent females suffer from an eating disorder in the U.S.
Which of the following analyses is used to determine the optimal use of resources to reach a predetermined constant end point or the desired health outcome?
- A. Cost-benefit ratio analysis
- B. Cost-effectiveness analysis
- C. Cost-efficiency analysis
- D. Cost-disease analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cost-effectiveness analysis determines the best use of resources to achieve desired health outcomes.
During a prenatal visit, a pregnant woman informs the nurse that she and her husband have chosen godparents for the baby. This finding is based on an assessment of which functional health pattern?
- A. Cognitive-perceptual pattern
- B. Self-perception–self-concept pattern
- C. Health-perception–health-management pattern
- D. Values-beliefs pattern
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Identifying godparents is related to the woman's values and beliefs about the spiritual and cultural aspects of parenting.