Nokea
Which of the following are types of nociceptive pain?
- A. Cutaneous pain from a paper cut
- B. Soft tissue pain caused by injury to the thigh muscle and subcutaneous tissue
- C. Deep somatic pain from arthritis or a bone fracture
- D. Deep visceral pain from hysterectomy postoperative pain
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Nociceptive pain arises from tissue damage and includes cutaneous pain (A), soft tissue pain (B), deep somatic pain (C), and deep visceral pain (D).
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Common aspirin has more than one classification and is used for different problems. Which of the following is(are) not a classification of aspirin?
- A. Antipyretic
- B. Analgesic
- C. Antihistamine
- D. Antiplatelet
- E. Anti-inflammatory
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin is classified as an antipyretic, analgesic, antiplatelet, and anti-inflammatory drug, but not as an antihistamine.
Fill in the blank. The patient usually snores, accompanied by periods of apnea lasting from 10 seconds to 2 minutes; this can be life-threatening. This inability to maintain breathing while sleeping is known as
- A. sleep apnea
- B. insomnia
- C. narcolepsy
- D. restless legs syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sleep apnea is characterized by snoring and periods of apnea (paused breathing) during sleep, which can be life-threatening if untreated.
Describe how the following nonpharmacological methods work to reduce mild pain or to use as an adjuvant (along with pain medication) for more severe pain: guided imagery, effleurage, and a TENS.
- A. Guided imagery distracts from pain via mental focus on calming images; effleurage soothes with gentle strokes; TENS blocks pain signals with electrical stimulation.
- B. Heat therapy reduces muscle tension; acupuncture balances energy; massage increases blood flow.
- C. Biofeedback controls physiological responses; cold therapy numbs pain; reflexology targets pressure points.
- D. Meditation reduces stress; exercise strengthens muscles; hypnosis alters pain perception.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guided imagery uses visualization to distract from pain, effleurage promotes relaxation through gentle skin stroking, and TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) delivers electrical impulses to block pain signals.
Which of the following information would be included in a pain assessment?
- A. Characteristics of the pain
- B. Level of the pain
- C. Whether the patient has a low pain tolerance
- D. What the patient wants done for the pain
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: A pain assessment includes the characteristics (A), level (B), and patient's desired interventions (D). Pain tolerance (C) is subjective and not a standard part of the assessment.
Fill in the blank. Repetitive gentle, gliding stroking of your fingertips over the surface of the skin for the purpose of pain relief is called
- A. effleurage
- B. acupressure
- C. massage
- D. reflexology
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Effleurage is a technique involving gentle, gliding strokes over the skin to promote relaxation and pain relief.