Nokea
Fill in the blank. Grinding of teeth during sleep is termed
- A. bruxism
- B. sleep apnea
- C. insomnia
- D. narcolepsy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bruxism is the medical term for grinding teeth during sleep, which can cause dental and jaw issues.
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Fill in the blank. Classes of medication that either produce pain relief from a mechanism different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating or increasing the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioid drugs are known as
- A. adjuvant drugs
- B. antipyretics
- C. anti-inflammatories
- D. antihistamines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adjuvant drugs enhance pain relief by mechanisms different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioids.
Fill in the blank. That rest that allows an individual to awaken feeling rested, refreshed, rejuvenated, energized, and ready to meet new challenges is
- A. restorative sleep
- B. non-REM sleep
- C. REM sleep
- D. light sleep
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Restorative sleep is the type of rest that leaves an individual feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and energized upon waking.
Fill in the blank. The view of a patient's pain that includes mental, social, physical, and spiritual aspects as parts of the integrated whole being is known as
- A. holistic pain
- B. acute pain
- C. chronic pain
- D. nociceptive pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Holistic pain considers the mental, social, physical, and spiritual aspects of a patient's pain as an integrated whole, as described in nursing texts.
You have medicated a female patient for severe pain and are waiting for the medication to take effect. In an effort to relieve her discomfort, you decide to try an additional nonpharmacological intervention. After explaining what you are about to do, you begin to verbally direct the patient to focus her conscious mind on the sequential tightening and relaxing of her muscles, beginning at her head and working toward her feet. What is the medical term for this intervention? How does it work?
- A. Progressive muscle relaxation; it reduces muscle tension and promotes relaxation, which can decrease pain perception.
- B. Guided imagery; it distracts the mind from pain by focusing on calming images.
- C. Effleurage; it involves gentle stroking to soothe the skin and reduce pain.
- D. Biofeedback; it uses monitoring to control physiological responses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Progressive muscle relaxation involves sequentially tensing and relaxing muscles to reduce tension and pain perception by promoting physical and mental relaxation.
Your 98-year-old patient has severe diabetes and, as a result of complications, had his left leg amputated above the knee several months ago. He is confused and combative. When he reports to you that his left foot hurts, you know that this is known as
- A. Radiating pain
- B. Nonexistent pain
- C. Phantom limb pain
- D. Intractable pain
- E. Chronic pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phantom limb pain is the sensation of pain in a limb that has been amputated, as experienced by the patient in this scenario.