Nokea
Fill in the blank. Repetitive gentle, gliding stroking of your fingertips over the surface of the skin for the purpose of pain relief is called
- A. effleurage
- B. acupressure
- C. massage
- D. reflexology
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Effleurage is a technique involving gentle, gliding strokes over the skin to promote relaxation and pain relief.
You may also like to solve these questions
Briefly describe how various aspects of lifestyle, environmental factors, and stress can affect sleep and rest.
- A. Poor lifestyle choices, noisy environments, and high stress disrupt sleep; healthy habits, quiet settings, and stress management promote rest.
- B. Caffeine intake, bright lights, and anxiety improve sleep quality.
- C. Irregular sleep schedules and comfortable bedding have no impact on rest.
- D. Stress has no effect on sleep; only physical activity matters.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifestyle factors like poor diet or irregular schedules, environmental factors like noise or light, and stress can disrupt sleep by increasing arousal or discomfort, while healthy habits and calm environments promote restorative sleep.
Fill in the blank. A condition that causes uncontrollable, recurrent daytime episodes of sleepiness that can hinder driving and operating dangerous equipment is called
- A. narcolepsy
- B. insomnia
- C. sleep apnea
- D. restless legs syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder causing sudden, uncontrollable sleep episodes during the day, posing risks during activities like driving.
Fill in the blank. Classes of medication that either produce pain relief from a mechanism different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating or increasing the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioid drugs are known as
- A. adjuvant drugs
- B. antipyretics
- C. anti-inflammatories
- D. antihistamines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adjuvant drugs enhance pain relief by mechanisms different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioids.
Acetaminophen is a common over-the-counter medication used by most individuals. What is the maximum dose limit for an adult?
- A. Four 250-milligram tablets per 24 hours
- B. Two 500-milligram tablets every 4 hours
- C. 1,000 milligrams every 3 to 4 hours, for a maximum of 8,000 milligrams per 24 hours
- D. 4,000 milligrams per 24 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The maximum adult dose of acetaminophen is 4,000 mg per 24 hours to avoid liver toxicity.
Which of the following statements is(are) thought to accurately describe the gate control theory?
- A. Transmission of pain impulses to the central nervous system is controlled by a gate that is opened and closed by sensory stimulus.
- B. Stimulation of the broad nerve fibers by heat, cold, massage, and exercise is thought to open the gate, allowing pain impulses to be transmitted.
- C. Stimulation of the smaller, narrow nerve fibers by injury and damage to the tissues is thought to open the gate, allowing pain impulses to be transmitted.
- D. It is thought that the thalamus can open the gate when stress and anxiety increase and close the gate when stress and anxiety decrease.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The gate control theory posits that pain transmission is modulated by a 'gate' in the spinal cord. Stimulation of smaller nerve fibers (e.g., by injury) opens the gate, allowing pain signals to pass (C). Sensory stimuli like massage close the gate, blocking pain (A is correct, but B is incorrect as broad nerve fiber stimulation closes, not opens, the gate). The thalamus is not directly involved in gate control (D is incorrect).