Nokea
Fill in the blank. That rest that allows an individual to awaken feeling rested, refreshed, rejuvenated, energized, and ready to meet new challenges is
- A. restorative sleep
- B. non-REM sleep
- C. REM sleep
- D. light sleep
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Restorative sleep is the type of rest that leaves an individual feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and energized upon waking.
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Your patient seems to be having a lot more postoperative pain today than he did yesterday, whichsurprises you because he has been progressing so well since his surgery 4 days ago. As you are critically thinking about factors that can increase pain, you identify data that could explain why he is having an increase in pain today. Which of the following pieces of data might provide you with this understanding?
- A. His wife, who is a strong part of his support system, was here to visit this morning for several hours.
- B. In the report, the night nurse noted that he slept only a couple of hours last night.
- C. His medical chart indicates that he is from a culture in which some with traditional views feel that pain should be suffered in silence.
- D. Earlier this morning, the patient's wife mentioned that the patient is really missing their oldest daughter, who was unable to come for the surgery because she lives in Europe.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Lack of sleep (B) can lower pain tolerance, increasing perceived pain. Emotional distress, such as missing a loved one (D), can also heighten pain perception. A supportive visit (A) and cultural beliefs (C) are less likely to directly cause an increase in pain.
Who is the best judge of the severity of a patient's pain?
- A. The patient who is experiencing the pain
- B. The surgeon who performed the surgery
- C. The nurse who is monitoring the patient
- D. The spouse of the patient who is staying with the patient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient experiencing the pain is the best judge of its severity, as pain is subjective and individual.
Fill in the blank. Classes of medication that either produce pain relief from a mechanism different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating or increasing the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioid drugs are known as
- A. adjuvant drugs
- B. antipyretics
- C. anti-inflammatories
- D. antihistamines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adjuvant drugs enhance pain relief by mechanisms different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioids.
The differences between CPAP and BiPAP is that CPAP can be
- A. Set for a single pressure
- B. Set to the timing of how the patient breathes
- C. Set for multiple pressure
- D. Set to a rate of 12 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CPAP delivers a single, continuous pressure, while BiPAP provides two pressure levels (inhalation and exhalation), making A the correct distinction.
Fill in the blank. The term for chronic inability to fall asleep or stay asleep is
- A. insomnia
- B. narcolepsy
- C. sleep apnea
- D. bruxism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insomnia refers to the chronic difficulty in falling or staying asleep, leading to poor sleep quality.