Nokea
Acetaminophen is a common over-the-counter medication used by most individuals. What is the maximum dose limit for an adult?
- A. Four 250-milligram tablets per 24 hours
- B. Two 500-milligram tablets every 4 hours
- C. 1,000 milligrams every 3 to 4 hours, for a maximum of 8,000 milligrams per 24 hours
- D. 4,000 milligrams per 24 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The maximum adult dose of acetaminophen is 4,000 mg per 24 hours to avoid liver toxicity.
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Who is the best judge of the severity of a patient's pain?
- A. The patient who is experiencing the pain
- B. The surgeon who performed the surgery
- C. The nurse who is monitoring the patient
- D. The spouse of the patient who is staying with the patient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient experiencing the pain is the best judge of its severity, as pain is subjective and individual.
The differences between CPAP and BiPAP is that CPAP can be
- A. Set for a single pressure
- B. Set to the timing of how the patient breathes
- C. Set for multiple pressure
- D. Set to a rate of 12 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CPAP delivers a single, continuous pressure, while BiPAP provides two pressure levels (inhalation and exhalation), making A the correct distinction.
Fill in the blank. The medical term for pain medications is
- A. analgesics
- B. antibiotics
- C. antidepressants
- D. anesthetics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Analgesics is the medical term for medications specifically used to relieve pain.
You have medicated a female patient for severe pain and are waiting for the medication to take effect. In an effort to relieve her discomfort, you decide to try an additional nonpharmacological intervention. After explaining what you are about to do, you begin to verbally direct the patient to focus her conscious mind on the sequential tightening and relaxing of her muscles, beginning at her head and working toward her feet. What is the medical term for this intervention? How does it work?
- A. Progressive muscle relaxation; it reduces muscle tension and promotes relaxation, which can decrease pain perception.
- B. Guided imagery; it distracts the mind from pain by focusing on calming images.
- C. Effleurage; it involves gentle stroking to soothe the skin and reduce pain.
- D. Biofeedback; it uses monitoring to control physiological responses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Progressive muscle relaxation involves sequentially tensing and relaxing muscles to reduce tension and pain perception by promoting physical and mental relaxation.
Fill in the blank. The second chemical that stimulates the pain receptors in Question 13 is
- A. substance P
- B. histamine
- C. dopamine
- D. norepinephrine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Substance P is another chemical released during tissue damage that activates nociceptors, enhancing pain perception.