ATI Pharmacology Test Bank

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Which of the following does not describe intravenous injection.

  • A. tend to produce more immediate adverse reaction.
  • B. Too high concentration of the drug is readily obtained
  • C. Chance of penetration into an artery instead of vein
  • D. Convenient, safe , economica l
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The statement "Convenient, safe, economical" does not accurately describe intravenous injection. Intravenous injection is generally considered to be less convenient compared to other routes of administration due to the need for proper training, sterile technique, and close monitoring during drug administration. While it can be effective in delivering drugs quickly and directly into the bloodstream, it is not always the safest or most economical option. Intravenous administration carries risks such as infection, phlebitis, and possible adverse reactions that need to be carefully monitored. Additionally, the cost of intravenous drug administration tends to be higher due to the need for specialized equipment and trained personnel.

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What is the therapeutic use of metformin?

  • A. Lower blood pressure
  • B. Diminish seizure activity
  • C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose levels
  • D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Metformin is commonly prescribed to manage and control blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes. It helps in reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improves the body's response to insulin, thereby aiding in the regulation of blood sugar levels. It is not used to lower blood pressure, diminish seizure activity, increase heart rate, or decrease gastrointestinal secretions.

A client is taking Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor, to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?

  • A. Increased TSH level
  • B. Decreased ALT level
  • C. Hypoglycemia
  • D. Hyperlipidemia
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

What is the most life threatening adverse reaction while taking Omeprazole?

  • A. Chest pain
  • B. Constipation
  • C. Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea
  • D. Acute interstitial nephritis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Acute interstitial nephritis is a rare but serious adverse reaction associated with omeprazole. It is characterized by inflammation of the kidney's interstitial tissue and can lead to kidney dysfunction. Symptoms may include fever, rash, eosinophilia, and impaired renal function. If left untreated, acute interstitial nephritis can progress to acute kidney injury and potentially be life-threatening. Therefore, it is essential to promptly recognize and manage this adverse reaction when taking omeprazole.

A client has difficulty swallowing medications and is prescribed enteric-coated aspirin PO once daily. The client asks if the medication can be crushed to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?

  • A. Crushing the medication might cause you to have a stomachache or indigestion.
  • B. Crushing the medication is a good idea, and I can mix it in some ice cream for you.
  • C. Crushing the medication would release all the medication at once, rather than over time.
  • D. Crushing is unsafe, as it destroys the ingredients in the medication.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Crushing an enteric-coated medication can cause it to break down in the stomach instead of the intestines, potentially leading to gastrointestinal distress like stomachache or indigestion. It is important to take enteric-coated medications whole to ensure they are properly absorbed in the intestines and to prevent irritation to the stomach.

When educating a client with a new prescription for albuterol, which instruction should the nurse include?

  • A. Use the inhaler every 4 hours.
  • B. Shake the inhaler before use.
  • C. Take a deep breath before inhaling the medication.
  • D. Use a spacer when using the inhaler.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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