Nokea
Which of the following factors can impact an individual's ability to give informed consent?
- A. IQ
- B. educational level
- C. pain medications
- D. financial status
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain medications might alter alertness, thought processes, and reactions. It is recommended that a client be approached for consent at least 4 hours after the last dose of pain medicine to allow minimal impact. IQ and educational levels might have a bearing on how information is presented through the discussion process, but they do not have a bearing on informed-consent decision-making.
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An LPN is talking with a client scheduled to undergo a vasectomy in the next few minutes. He states, 'I know I signed the form and all, but I'm not feeling so sure of this. It can be reversed pretty easily, right?' What is the LPN's best response?
- A. Yes, vasectomies can be reversed, but I'm sure once you have it you won't regret it.'
- B. It's normal to feel a little nervous before a procedure like this one.'
- C. It sounds like you have a few more questions you'd like answered. Let me grab the doctor to answer them for you.'
- D. It sounds like you might be a little nervous. Don't worry, this is a pretty minor procedure, and the doctor doing it is the best we have. You're in great hands.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is the only option that validates the client's concerns and also respects his right to informed consent.
The nurse is preparing a client for surgery who says it is against their religion to accept blood transfusions. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate?
- A. I can ask pastoral care to send someone to speak with you about this concern since it would not be safe to refuse a blood transfusion.'
- B. I understand, and you have the right to refuse blood transfusions.'
- C. While I understand, if there is excessive bleeding during surgery, we may need to transfuse blood to stabilize you.'
- D. I have received a blood transfusion before, and I do not think you understand the risks versus the benefits of refusing this.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client has the right to refuse treatments or procedures, such as a blood transfusion, for religious reasons, and the nurse should confirm this.
Which condition is associated with inadequate intake of vitamin C?
- A. rickets
- B. marasmus
- C. kwashiorkor
- D. scurvy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scurvy is associated with inadequate intake of vitamin C. The remaining choices refer to other nutritional deficiencies.
Which of the following is true about use of technology when caring for a client?
- A. If the nurse does not have time to complete their charting, it is appropriate to take a lunch break and then return to charting.
- B. Medications should be reported promptly.
- C. When researching a client's condition, any available sources can be used.
- D. Computers should only be used for charting purposes during the shift.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: All charting should be accurate and timely. Computers can be used to look up information related to a client's condition or treatment, but the reliability of sources should be confirmed.
Which is the best way to position a client's neck for palpation of the thyroid?
- A. flexed toward the side being examined
- B. hyperextended directly backward
- C. flexed away from the side being examined
- D. flexed directly forward
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flexing the neck toward the side being examined relaxes the sternocleidomastoid muscle, making the thyroid gland more accessible for palpation.