Nokea
Which of the following inactivates pepsinogen into active pepsin?
- A. Ptyalin.
- B. HCL.
- C. Bile.
- D. Renin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrochloric acid (HCL) in the stomach activates pepsinogen, converting it into its active form, pepsin.
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Which enzyme works in highly acidic pH
- A. Pepsin
- B. Lipase
- C. Erepsin
- D. Amylopsin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pepsin functions optimally in the highly acidic pH of the stomach (around 1.8-2).
Taste buds are found in the following areas EXCEPT:
- A. Oral mucosa & soft palate
- B. Esophagus
- C. Laryngeal surface of Epiglottis
- D. Tongue papilla
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taste buds are absent in the esophagus; they are present on the tongue, soft palate, and epiglottis for taste perception.
Ventral [lower] surface of hard palate is covered by:
- A. Pseudo stratifies columnar epith.
- B. Stratified squamous keratinized (parakeratinized).
- C. Stratified squamous non keratinized.
- D. Transitional epith.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ventral surface of the hard palate is covered by stratified squamous epithelium that is keratinized (often parakeratinized) to withstand mechanical stress from food. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is found in respiratory regions, not here.
Which gastric secretion is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine?
- A. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- B. Pepsinogen
- C. Intrinsic factor
- D. Mucus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intrinsic factor, secreted by parietal cells in the stomach, binds to vitamin B12, enabling its absorption in the ileum of the small intestine.
Secretion of enterogastrone would be stimulated by the presence of:
- A. protein in the small intestine
- B. protein in the stomach
- C. fat in the small intestine
- D. fat in the stomach
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enterogastrone secretion is triggered by fats in the small intestine to slow gastric emptying.