Concept of Family Health Nursing Care

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Which of the following is a correct assumption regarding the concept of crisis?

  • A. Crises occur only in individuals with psychopathology.
  • B. The stressful event that precipitates crisis is seldom identifiable.
  • C. A crisis situation contains the potential for psychological growth or deterioration.
  • D. Crises are chronic situations that recur many times during an individual’s life.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct assumption regarding the concept of crisis is C: A crisis situation contains the potential for psychological growth or deterioration. This is correct because crisis situations are often pivotal moments that can lead to either positive personal development or negative outcomes. In times of crisis, individuals may experience increased stress and emotional turmoil, but they also have the opportunity to learn from the experience, develop resilience, and make positive changes in their lives.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect:
A: Crises do not occur only in individuals with psychopathology. Anyone can experience a crisis regardless of their mental health status.
B: The stressful event that precipitates crisis is often identifiable, as it can be triggered by various factors such as loss, trauma, or sudden change.
D: Crises are not chronic situations that recur many times during an individual’s life. They are usually acute events that require immediate attention and resolution.

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Professional codes of ethics tend to be constructed on which type of ethical theory?

  • A. Utilitarianism: seeking outcomes maximizing positive & minimizing negative change
  • B. Virtue theory: considers the motives and intentions of the actor
  • C. Ethical decision making model: steps to make an ethical decision
  • D. Duty theory: concerned with truth, fairness and keeping promises, vs. consequences
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Duty theory underpins many codes, emphasizing obligations like confidentiality and fairness.

Which nursing statement describes the basis of the ethical theory called utilitarianism?

  • A. The client has a right to make decisions based on what he wants and needs.'
  • B. Every client deserves the care that I would want if I were in his situation.'
  • C. I can't allow a client to smoke in the day room since it isn't healthy for the other clients.'
  • D. The homeless need access to quality mental health care just as much as any other group.'
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale:
C is correct because it reflects the utilitarian principle of maximizing overall well-being. By preventing one client from smoking in the day room, the nurse is prioritizing the health and well-being of all clients in that space. This action aims to benefit the greatest number of individuals.

Incorrect Choices:
A: This statement reflects autonomy (ethical principle), not utilitarianism.
B: This statement reflects the golden rule (ethical principle), not utilitarianism.
D: This statement emphasizes equality and access to care, not the utilitarian principle of maximizing overall well-being.

The psychosexual stage associated with exploration is

  • A. Oral
  • B. Anal
  • C. Phallic
  • D. Genital
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The oral stage (birth-1 year) involves exploration through the mouth (Freud).

The key to asking culturally competent assessment questions is to:

  • A. Remove all bias from the questions.
  • B. Ask simple, simply worded questions.
  • C. Address all age groups and genders within the culture.
  • D. Recognize that culture affects all aspects of an individual's life.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale:
A: Removing bias ensures questions are neutral and unbiased, crucial for culturally competent assessment.
B: Simple wording may overlook nuances or cultural context, leading to misinterpretations.
C: Focusing on age and gender may not address other cultural factors that influence individuals.
D: While culture impacts various aspects of life, recognizing this alone doesn't ensure bias-free questions.

Which intervention will have the greatest impact on reducing the stigma and rejection currently experienced by individuals with mental illness?

  • A. Providing services to the mentally ill that minimize the need to rely upon the community
  • B. Holding activities at mental health facilities that are open to the community to foster acceptance
  • C. Educating local citizen groups on the needs and experiences of the mentally ill in their community
  • D. Focusing on improving the socialization skills of mentally ill individuals living in the community
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Educating local citizen groups on the needs and experiences of the mentally ill in their community. This intervention addresses the root cause of stigma - lack of understanding and awareness. By educating the community, misconceptions can be corrected, empathy can be cultivated, and stigma can be reduced. Choice A does not directly address stigma reduction but rather focuses on minimizing reliance on the community. Choice B, while promoting acceptance, may not necessarily tackle stigma at its core. Choice D, improving socialization skills, is beneficial but may not address the systemic issue of stigma. Ultimately, educating the community is key to fostering a more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with mental illness.

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