Nokea
Which of the following is a disadvantage of IM administration?
- A. Larger volumes can be used
- B. Can affect lab tests
- C. Painful
- D. B and C
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intramuscular (IM) administration is painful due to needle insertion, though larger volumes are an advantage; affecting lab tests is less specific, making C the primary disadvantage.
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The physician has asked a nurse to administer a drug intravenously to a patient who is unresponsive. How can the nurse ensure that the drug is administered to the right patient?
- A. By waking him up to ask him his name
- B. By identifying the patient's room number
- C. By checking the patient's wristband
- D. By asking the nursing assistant for the patient's location
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should identify a patient by checking his wristband, which has the patient's name. The nurse should not ask the patient to confirm his name, because some patients, particularly those who are confused or have difficulty hearing, may respond by answering yes. Additionally, this patient is unresponsive. The nurse can obtain the patient's location by asking any other member of the health care staff, but should verify the patient's identity by checking the wristband. The nurse should not rely on the patient's room number alone.
The patient asks the nurse why generic drugs would be used and voices concerns that only the brand name product will be safe. What is the nurses best response?
- A. Generic drugs are often less expensive.
- B. Some quality control problems have been found with generic drugs.
- C. Most generic drugs are very safe and can be cost effective as well.
- D. Although initial cost is higher for a brand name it may cost less in the long run.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most generic medications are completely safe and may be identical to the brand name drug except generic medications are often less expensive, but this does not address the patients concern about safety. Although some quality control issues have occurred in the past, this does not address the patients concerns regarding safety or explain why generic drugs are prescribed and used. Although some doctors believe initial cost is higher but will cost less over time, this response also does not address the patients concerns.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are useful in a variety of disorders. Which of the following statements are true about both its usefulness in the disorder and the reason for its use?
- A. Stable angina because it decreases the thickening of vascular walls due to decreased modified release.
- B. Heart failure because it reduces remodeling of injured myocardial tissues.
- C. Both 1 and 2 are true and the reasons are correct.
- D. Both 1 and 2 are true but the reasons are wrong.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce myocardial remodeling in heart failure; they are not used for stable angina.
While receiving treatment for acute pulmonary edema, a woman complains of tinnitus and vertigo.
- A. Clomiphene
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. Furosemide
- D. Mifepristone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can cause ototoxicity (tinnitus, vertigo) at high doses.
The following is the antithyroid mechanism of action of mercazolil:
- A. Inbits thyrotropic hormone production in pituitary
- B. Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis in thyroid gland
- C. Interfere follicule cells in thyroid gland
- D. Interfere iod reaptake in thyroid gland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mercazolil (methimazole) inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking thyroperoxidase activity in the thyroid.