Nokea
Which of the following is a term used to describe the occurrence of the eye rolling back in a locked position, which occurs with acute dystonia?
- A. Opisthotonus
- B. Oculogyric crisis
- C. Torticollis
- D. Pseudoparkinsonism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oculogyric crisis is the term for the eye rolling back in a locked position, a manifestation of acute dystonia.
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Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?
- A. Dopamine
- B. GABA
- C. Norepinephrine
- D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and has been found to modulate other neurotransmitter systems rather than to provide a direct stimulus. Dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are excitatory neurotransmitters.
When the client asks the nurse how long it will take before the SSRI antidepressant medication will be effective, which of the following replies is most accurate and therapeutic?
- A. This is a good medication! It will be effective within 20 minutes of the first dose.
- B. You will have gradual improvement in symptoms over the next few weeks, but the changes may be so subtle that you may not notice them for a while. It is important for you to keep taking the medication.
- C. It will probably take months for the medication to work. In the meantime, you should work on improving your attitude.
- D. If you believe it will work, then it will. You have to have faith!
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SSRIs typically take 2-3 weeks to show effectiveness, with gradual symptom improvement that may be subtle initially, requiring continued adherence.
A patient with depression has been taking paroxetine (Paxil) for the last 3 months and has noticed improvement of symptoms. Which of the following side effects would the nurse expect the patient to report?
- A. A headache after eating wine and cheese
- B. A decrease in sexual pleasure during intimacy
- C. An intense need to move about
- D. Persistent runny nose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a common side effect of SSRIs like paroxetine due to enhanced serotonin transmission. Headaches from tyramine interactions are associated with MAOIs, not SSRIs. An intense need to move about is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics, and runny nose is not typical.
Which of the following was the first nonstimulant medication specifically designed and tested for ADHD?
- A. Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
- B. Amphetamine (Adderall)
- C. Atomoxetine (Strattera)
- D. Pemoline (Cylert)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Atomoxetine (Strattera) was the first nonstimulant medication specifically designed and tested for ADHD, unlike the stimulant medications Ritalin, Adderall, and Cylert.
The nurse is educating a patient and family about strategies to minimize the side effects of antipsychotic drugs. Which of the following should be included in the plan?
- A. Drink plenty of fruit juice.
- B. Developing an exercise program is important.
- C. Increase foods high in fiber.
- D. Laxatives can be used as needed.
- E. Use sunscreen when outdoors.
- F. For missed doses, take double the dose at the next scheduled time.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Exercise and high-fiber foods help prevent constipation, and sunscreen is recommended due to photosensitivity. Fruit juice may contribute to weight gain, laxatives should be avoided, and doubling doses is incorrect.