Nokea
Which one of the following types of antipsychotic medications is most likely to produce extrapyramidal effects?
- A. Atypical antipsychotic drugs
- B. First-generation antipsychotic drugs
- C. Third-generation antipsychotic drugs
- D. Dopamine system stabilizers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: First-generation antipsychotic drugs are potent antagonists of D2, D3, and D4 receptors, making them effective but producing many extrapyramidal side effects due to D2 receptor blockade. Atypical antipsychotics have a lower incidence of these effects.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client has a lithium level of 1.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions by the nurse is indicated?
- A. Call the physician for an increase in dosage.
- B. Do not give the next dose, and call the physician.
- C. Increase fluid intake for the next week.
- D. No intervention is necessary at this time.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A lithium level of 1.2 mEq/L is within the therapeutic range (0.5-1.5 mEq/L), so no intervention is necessary.
The nurse knows that the client understands the rationale for dietary restrictions when taking MAOI when the client makes which of the following statements?
- A. I am now allergic to foods that are high in the amino acid tyramine such as aged cheese, organ meats, wine, and chocolate.
- B. Certain foods will cause me to have sexual dysfunction when I take this medication.
- C. Foods that are high in tyramine will reduce the medication's effectiveness.
- D. I should avoid foods that are high in the amino acid tyramine such as aged cheese, meats, and chocolate because this drug causes the level of tyramine to go up to dangerous levels.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MAOIs inhibit the enzyme that breaks down tyramine, leading to increased serum tyramine levels, which can cause severe hypertension and other symptoms. The correct statement reflects understanding of the need to avoid tyramine-rich foods to prevent dangerous reactions.
A client on the unit suddenly cries out in fear. The nurse notices that the client's head is twisted to one side, his back is arched, and his eyes have rolled back in their sockets. The client has recently begun drug therapy with haloperidol (Haldol).
- A. Get a stat order for a serum drug level.
- B. Hold the client's medication until the symptoms subside.
- C. Place an urgent call to the client's physician.
- D. Give a PRN dose of benztropine (Cogentin).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client is experiencing an acute dystonic reaction, common with high-potency antipsychotics like haloperidol. Immediate treatment with an anticholinergic like benztropine provides rapid relief.
A patient with schizophrenia is being treated with olanzapine (Zyprexa) 10 mg daily. The patient asks the nurse how this medicine works. The nurse explains that the mechanism by which the olanzapine controls the patient's psychotic symptoms is believed to be
- A. Increasing the amount of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain.
- B. Decreasing the amount of an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters.
- C. Normalizing the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
- D. Blocking dopamine receptors in the brain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The major action of all antipsychotics, including olanzapine, is to block dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps control psychotic symptoms.
A client who is taking paroxetine (Paxil) reports to the nurse that he has been nauseated since beginning the medication. Which of the following actions is indicated initially?
- A. Instruct the client to stop the medication for a few days to see if the nausea goes away.
- B. Reassure the client that this is an expected side effect that will improve with time.
- C. Suggest that the client take the medication with food.
- D. Tell the client to contact the physician for a change in medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking SSRIs like paroxetine with food usually eliminates nausea, making this the initial recommended action.