Nokea
Which drug classification is the primary medication treatment for schizophrenia?
- A. Anticoagulants
- B. Antidepressants
- C. Antimanics
- D. Antipsychotics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antipsychotic drugs are the primary medical treatment for schizophrenia, addressing psychotic symptoms effectively.
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A client with severe and persistent mental illness has been taking antipsychotic medication for 20 years. The nurse observes that the client's behavior includes repetitive movements of the mouth and tongue, facial grimacing, and rocking back and forth. The nurse recognizes these behaviors as indicative of
- A. Extrapyramidal side effects
- B. Loss of voluntary muscle control
- C. Posturing
- D. Tardive dyskinesia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These behaviors are classic signs of tardive dyskinesia, a syndrome of permanent involuntary movements commonly caused by long-term use of conventional antipsychotic drugs.
Which of the following increases the risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
- A. Overhydration
- B. Intake of vitamins
- C. Dehydration
- D. Vegetarian diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dehydration increases the risk for NMS, a potentially fatal reaction to antipsychotics. Overhydration, vitamins, and vegetarian diets do not directly contribute to NMS risk.
A patient is being seen in the crisis unit reporting that poison letters are coming in the mail. The patient has no history of psychiatric illness. Which of the following medications would the patient most likely be started on?
- A. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
- B. Risperidone (Risperdal Consta)
- C. Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
- D. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: New-generation antipsychotics like aripiprazole are preferred for initial treatment of psychotic symptoms due to fewer side effects. Injectable antipsychotics like Risperdal Consta are used after stabilization, and fluoxetine is an antidepressant, not indicated for psychosis.
The nurse is assessing a patient suffering a head injury as a result of an altercation with two other individuals. The patient has difficulty accurately reporting the events of the altercation and appears very emotional during the assessment. The nurse suspects which part of the brain received the greatest amount of injury?
- A. Cerebrum
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Medulla
- D. Amygdala
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The frontal lobes of the cerebrum control the organization of thought, body movement, memories, emotions, and moral behavior. The cerebellum is the center for coordination of movements and postural adjustments. The medulla contains vital centers for respiration and cardiovascular functions. The amygdala is involved in emotional arousal and memory.
The nurse has completed health teaching about dietary restrictions for a client taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The nurse will know that teaching has been effective by which of the following client statements?
- A. I'm glad I can eat pizza since it's my favorite food.
- B. I must follow this diet or I will have severe vomiting.
- C. It will be difficult for me to avoid pepperoni.
- D. None of the foods that are restricted are part of a regular daily diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pepperoni contains tyramine, which must be avoided when taking MAOIs to prevent hypertensive crisis, indicating effective understanding of dietary restrictions.