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Which of the following is an advantage of democratic leadership?
- A. Tasks are accomplished without staff input.
- B. Leaders see themselves as coworkers.
- C. Quick decision making occurs.
- D. Managers provide support and freedom for employees.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Democratic leadership involves more participation in decision-making by the work group. Leaders with this style often see themselves as coworkers. Authoritarian leadership allows little input from staff for decisions. In laissez-faire leadership, the manager leaves the work group to set goals, make decisions, and take responsibility for their own management.
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A new client charting system is in the education phase at a healthcare facility. Much discussion has been prompted regarding the new system. With which statement does the nurse best exhibit the integrated leader/manager traits?
- A. Let's look at the daily benefits of using the new technology on the clinical unit.'
- B. I am not used to the new technology, but if it better serves the client and enables easy sharing of client authorized records, I see a benefit.'
- C. New technology may be costly up front but will serve us well in the future.'
- D. I do not believe that this technology will be helpful in caring for a client because it often is down during peak use times and is difficult to train for.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The traits of an integrated leader/manager combine understanding the daily operations on a clinical unit while seeing the big picture, thinking in the long term, and embracing change. Better serving the client and sharing records as needed demonstrates the willingness to think positively and take risks on improvement for the future. Focusing only on the daily benefits or only on the future impact of using the new technology each only look at one aspect of leadership and management. Stating that the new technology will not be helpful in client care is a negative statement and does not show that the manager is able to embrace change.
Staff is assembling for shift assignments. Which of the following nursing action(s) identifies the manager's responsibility on the clinical unit? Select all that apply.
- A. The manager assesses the clients on the clinical unit and updates the physician.
- B. The manager assures that adequate care is given by the staff and assesses the flow of activities on the clinical unit.
- C. The manager removes the physician prescriptions from the chart and notes completion.
- D. The manager attends facility meetings and set objectives.
- E. The manager completes the first medication pass of the shift.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The key feature of the manager's position is the individual responsibility and accountability for the accomplishment of tasks on the clinical unit. Part of this responsibility includes assuring that adequate care is given by the staff and assessing the flow of activities on the clinical unit. A manager attending faculty meeting and setting objectives also reflects manager and leadership duties. The other options are task oriented, and, although the manager may assist staff, it is not the focus of the manager's responsibility.
The LPN on the clinical unit is discussing client medication administration. The medication nurse states, 'I crushed the medication because the nurse on the prior shift told me to do it.' This statement indicates a lack of which of the following?
- A. Responsibility
- B. Management
- C. Accountability
- D. Leadership
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Accountability means being answerable for one's actions. Following another's actions and using that as a rationale is not being accountable for the action taken. Responsibility is the duty or assignment to a specific task. Management entails assigning functions to meet particular objectives. Leadership provides guidance to achieve common goals.
Which of the following is the perceived advantage of authoritarian leadership styles?
- A. Staff members are invested in management's goals.
- B. Decisions are made without any input from staff.
- C. Communication is limited to memos.
- D. Decisions may not occur on time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the authoritarian leadership style, the lines of authority and policies are clear, and communication is directive and flows downward. In addition, decisions are made quickly, and staff members are not invested in management's goals.
A nurse is caring for clients on a surgical unit. Which nursing action(s) positively impacts the goal of healthcare cost containment? Select all that apply.
- A. Completing a nursing assessment and setting up a breakfast tray in an isolation client's room
- B. Teaching and encouraging the use of an incentive spirometer.
- C. Delegating the ambulation of a client three times daily in the hall
- D. Completing client wound dressing change prior to physician rounds
- E. Checking the completion of Foley catheter care with the nursing assistant.
- F. Initiating a turning protocol for a bedbound client
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E,F
Rationale: Cost-consciousness measures include prudent use of expensive supplies, careful monitoring of clients to reduce potential complications and lengths of stay, and reduction of waste of limited resources. Completing client wound dressing change prior to physician rounds is not an example of cost containment.