Nokea
Which of the following is an II generation sulfonylurea drugs, which are used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II:
- A. Chlorpropamide
- B. Tolazamide
- C. Tobutamide
- D. Glipizide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glipizide is a second-generation sulfonylurea, more potent and with fewer side effects than first-generation drugs like chlorpropamide.
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Azathioprine is useful in the following diseases EXCEPT:
- A. Rheumatoid arthritis
- B. Psoriatic arthritis
- C. Reactive arthritis
- D. osteoarthritis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Azathioprine is not typically used for osteoarthritis, a degenerative condition.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval is required for:
- A. Medical devices, including artificial joints
- B. Over-the-counter vitamins
- C. Herbal products, such as St John's wort
- D. Dietary supplements, such as Ensure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: FDA approval is required for medical devices like artificial joints , but not OTC vitamins, herbal products, or supplements (B-D), which have lighter oversight.
A nurse working in an emergency department is caring for a client who has Benzodiazepine toxicity due to an overdose. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
- A. Administer flumazenil.
- B. Identify the client's level of orientation.
- C. Infuse IV fluids.
- D. Prepare the client for gastric lavage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing orientation is the priority to determine the severity of toxicity and guide interventions.
Which of the following is true regarding the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)?Select one that does not apply.
- A. The act allows for DEA enforcement of the act.
- B. The act gives the FDA power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
- C. The act permits general health claims.
- D. The act does not permit curative health claims.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The DSHEA defines substances such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and other natural substances as 'dietary supplements' and permits general health claims as long as the label also has a disclaimer stating that the supplements are not approved by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The act gives the FDA the power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed drug by the oral route. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do? Select one that does not apply.
- A. Making sure the client is in an upright position prior to administration
- B. Ensuring that a full glass of water is readily available
- C. Encourage patient to take a few sips of water before placing the medicine in the mouth
- D. Instructing the client to tilt his or her head back to swallow a capsule
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clients should always be in an upright position when receiving oral drugs and a glass of water should be readily available. They should be encouraged to take a few sips of water before placing the tablet or capsule in the mouth. Drugs should never be left at the client's bedside. Instruct clients to tilt their head back to swallow a tablet and slightly forward to swallow a capsule.