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Which of the following is common among indigent, rural Appalachian patients?
- A. Perceived socioeconomic discrimination
- B. Lack of knowledge about preventive health care
- C. Sexually transmitted infections
- D. Willingness to adhere to prescribed medications
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Perceived discrimination is prevalent due to socioeconomic disparities.
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Why are cardiovascular medications, such as beta blockers and alpha-2 receptor agonists, used in patients with anxiety?
- A. Block manifestations: Tremors
- B. Palpitations
- C. Tachycardia
- D. Sweating
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Block manifestations: Tremors. Beta blockers and alpha-2 receptor agonists are used in patients with anxiety to block physical manifestations such as tremors. Beta blockers reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the body, including tremors. Alpha-2 receptor agonists also help reduce physical symptoms by decreasing the release of norepinephrine. Palpitations (B), tachycardia (C), and sweating (D) are also physical symptoms of anxiety, but beta blockers and alpha-2 receptor agonists primarily target tremors in this context.
he theorist associated with hierarchy of human needs is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abraham Maslow developed the hierarchy of needs, from basic survival to self-actualization.
Select the age group that is accurately paired with the normal and recommended hours of sleep each day.
- A. The neonate: 10 to 15 hours a day
- B. The toddler: 11 to 14 hours a day
- C. The preschool child: 12 to 15 hours a day
- D. The school age child: Less than 8 hours a day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers (B) need 11-14 hours of sleep daily.
Which statement made by a family member of an individual recently diagnosed with schizophrenia supports the nurse's assessment that the family will respond well to care strategies that support the competence model of care?
- A. How long will it be before he will need to be cared for by others?'
- B. Is his illness chronic or does he have a chance of getting well again?'
- C. My mother will be devastated to hear that my brother is mentally ill.'
- D. Our brother is family and we will be there to support him in every way we can.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates a supportive and inclusive attitude towards the individual with schizophrenia. By stating, "Our brother is family and we will be there to support him in every way we can," the family member acknowledges the importance of familial support and unity in the care of their loved one. This aligns with the competence model of care, which emphasizes empowerment, collaboration, and the importance of relationships in supporting individuals with mental health conditions.
A, B, and C are incorrect because they focus on negative aspects of the diagnosis, such as dependency, chronicity, and potential devastation, which do not reflect the positive and supportive approach needed for effective care strategies based on the competence model.
The psychiatric nurse best demonstrates an understanding of the general health challenges facing a mentally ill client who reports auditory hallucinations when asking:
- A. When did you first start hearing voices?'
- B. What did you have to eat last night for supper?'
- C. May I have your permission to take your blood pressure?'
- D. Do you understand why you need to take your medication?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because asking for permission to take the client's blood pressure demonstrates respect for their autonomy and acknowledges their physical health needs. It shows an understanding that mental illness can impact physical health and encourages holistic care. Choice A focuses on the onset of hallucinations, but does not address immediate health concerns. Choice B is unrelated to the client's health challenges. Choice D addresses medication compliance but does not directly address the client's current health status. Overall, choice C is the best option as it considers both the client's mental and physical well-being.