Nokea
Which of the following is considered a unit dose system?
- A. Floor stock bottle of aspirin 81 mg
- B. A prefilled Lovenox syringe
- C. One cartoon of Phenergan suppository
- D. Floor stock bottle of ibuprofen suspension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Examples of unit dose medications include a package that contains one tablet or capsule, a premeasured amount of a liquid drug, a prefilled syringe, or one suppository.
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Isotonic normal saline (0.9%) solution is LEAST indicated in which one of the following conditions?
- A. Vomiting
- B. Hypercalcemia
- C. Body wide sodium depletion (e.g. DKA)
- D. Volume overload (e.g. liver disease)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Normal saline worsens volume overload in conditions like liver disease due to sodium retention.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulates:
- A. Prescribing of drugs by MDs and NPs
- B. The official labeling for all prescription and over-the-counter drugs
- C. Off-label recommendations for prescribing
- D. Pharmaceutical educational offerings
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The FDA regulates drug labeling , not prescribing practices , off-label use , or education , which fall under state or professional domains.
A nurse is ordered to infuse 1,500 mL of IV fluid over 12 hours using a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 31.25 gtt/min
- B. 33.33 gtt/min
- C. 41.67 gtt/min
- D. 62.5 gtt/min
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flow rate = (1,500 mL 15 gtt/mL) ÷ (12 60) = 22,500 ÷ 720 = 31.25 gtt/min, exactly matching option A.
Which source contains information specific to nutritional supplements?
- A. USP Dictionary of USAN & International Drug Names
- B. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database
- C. United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary (USP NF)
- D. Drug Interaction Facts
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary contains information specific to nutritional supplements. USP Dictionary of USAN & International Drug Names is a compilation of drug names, pronunciation guide, and possible future FDA approved drugs; it does not include nutritional supplements. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database contains evidence-based information on herbal medicines and herbal combination products; it does not include information specific to nutritional supplements. Drug Interaction Facts contains comprehensive information on drug interaction facts; it does not include nutritional supplements.
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication from a multidose bottle. The label is torn and soiled but the name of the medication is still readable. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Discard the entire bottle and contents and obtain a new bottle.
- B. Find the drug information and create a new label for the bottle.
- C. Ask another nurse to verify the contents of the bottle.
- D. Administer the medication if the name of the drug can be clearly read.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When the drug label is soiled obscuring some information the safest action by the nurse is to discard the bottle and contents because drug labels contain a great deal of important information, far more than just the name of the drug. Concentration of the drug, expiration date, administration directions, and precautions may be missing from the label and so put the patient at risk. Looking up drug information in a drug handbook or consulting with another nurse will not supply the expiration date or concentration of medication. Be safe and discard the bottle and its contents.