Nokea
Which of the following is natural glucocorticoid:
- A. Cortisol
- B. Prednisolon
- C. Dexamethasone
- D. Triamcinolone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cortisol is the primary natural glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands, unlike the others which are synthetic.
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Which of the following drugs is considered a first-generation cephalosporin?
- A. Cefepime
- B. Cefazolin
- C. Ceftriaxone
- D. Cephalexin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cefazolin is a first-generation cephalosporin, effective against Gram-positive bacteria, unlike cefepime (fourth) or ceftriaxone (third).
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Constipation
- D. Decreased respirations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
Both men and women experience bone loss with aging. The bones most likely to demonstrate significant loss are:
- A. Cortical bones
- B. Femoral neck bones
- C. Cervical vertebrae
- D. Pelvic bones
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Femoral neck is a trabecular bone site prone to significant age-related loss, unlike cortical or other areas .
When prescribing NSAIDS, a complete drug history should be conducted as NSAIDs interact with these drugs:
- A. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor
- B. Combined oral contraceptives
- C. Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine
- D. Warfarin, an anticoagulant
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NSAIDs increase bleeding risk with warfarin; interactions with PPIs or contraceptives are less significant.
Anticholinergic agents, such as benztropine (Cogentin), may be given with a phenothiazine to:
- A. Reduce the chance of tardive dyskinesia
- B. Potentiate the effects of the drug
- C. Reduce the tolerance that tends to occur
- D. Increase central nervous system 4 (iNS) rdey
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benztropine reduces EPS, which can precede tardive dyskinesia in phenothiazine use.