Nokea
Which of the following is NOT a component of Primary Health Care (PHC)?
- A. Community participation
- B. Use of appropriate technology
- C. Equitable distribution of resources
- D. Exclusive focus on curative care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exclusive focus on curative care. Primary Health Care (PHC) emphasizes preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative services rather than solely focusing on curative care. Curative care is just one aspect of healthcare but not the sole focus of PHC. Community participation (A), use of appropriate technology (B), and equitable distribution of resources (C) are all essential components of PHC as they contribute to comprehensive and accessible healthcare for all.
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What is the main focus of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Health For All strategy?
- A. Providing free healthcare to all individuals
- B. Achieving a level of health that enables all people to lead economically productive lives
- C. Building more hospitals and clinics
- D. Increasing the number of healthcare workers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Achieving a level of health that enables all people to lead economically productive lives. This is the main focus of WHO's Health For All strategy as it aims to ensure that individuals have good health to actively participate in society and the economy. Choice A is incorrect as the strategy doesn't necessarily focus on providing free healthcare to all individuals, but rather on improving overall health outcomes. Choice C is incorrect as simply building more hospitals and clinics does not address the holistic approach of the Health For All strategy. Choice D is incorrect as increasing the number of healthcare workers is important, but the main focus is on achieving better health outcomes for economic productivity.
Which of the following is a component of the Safe Motherhood Initiative?
- A. Promoting exclusive breastfeeding
- B. Providing routine immunizations
- C. Ensuring skilled attendance at birth
- D. Offering genetic counseling
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ensuring skilled attendance at birth. This is a key component of the Safe Motherhood Initiative as it focuses on providing trained healthcare professionals during childbirth to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rates. This ensures that complications during labor can be promptly identified and managed, improving outcomes for both mother and baby.
A: Promoting exclusive breastfeeding is important for infant health but is not specifically a component of the Safe Motherhood Initiative.
B: Providing routine immunizations is crucial for child health but not directly related to maternal care during childbirth.
D: Offering genetic counseling is valuable for families at risk of genetic disorders but is not a primary focus of the Safe Motherhood Initiative.
Which of the following is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
- A. Low cholesterol levels
- B. Physical inactivity
- C. Low blood pressure
- D. Adequate sleep
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Physical inactivity. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases because regular exercise helps maintain a healthy heart and blood vessels. It reduces the risk of developing conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity, which are all linked to cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, choices A, C, and D are not major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Low cholesterol levels (A) are usually considered beneficial for heart health, low blood pressure (C) is generally a sign of good cardiovascular health, and while adequate sleep (D) is important for overall well-being, it is not directly linked to cardiovascular diseases.
What is the primary focus of community health nursing?
- A. Individual patient care
- B. Hospital-based care
- C. Community-wide health promotion and disease prevention
- D. Specialized medical treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Community-wide health promotion and disease prevention. Community health nursing focuses on promoting health and preventing diseases within the community as a whole through education, advocacy, and collaboration. This includes addressing social determinants of health and implementing population-based interventions. Choice A is incorrect because community health nursing goes beyond individual patient care. Choice B is incorrect as it is more focused on acute care within hospital settings. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to specialized medical treatment rather than the broader scope of community health nursing. In summary, the primary focus of community health nursing is on improving the health of the entire community through preventative measures and health promotion initiatives.
What is the purpose of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?
- A. To provide emergency medical services
- B. To ensure all children receive routine immunizations
- C. To offer specialized treatments for rare diseases
- D. To manage chronic health conditions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the purpose of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is to ensure all children receive routine immunizations to prevent various communicable diseases. EPI focuses on providing vaccines to children at specific ages to build immunity and protect them from serious illnesses. It does not provide emergency medical services (A), offer specialized treatments for rare diseases (C), or manage chronic health conditions (D). By prioritizing routine immunizations, EPI aims to reduce the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases and improve overall public health.