Nokea
Which of the following is not complication associated with NAFLD?
- A. Ischemic heart disease
- B. Cerebrovascular accident
- C. Colon cancer
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NAFLD heart, stroke, colon, liver cancer all link; no outlier. Nurses track this chronic risk chain.
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Which of the following would predispose a client to mitral stenosis?
- A. Obesity
- B. Rheumatic fever
- C. Intravenous drug use
- D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitral stenosis narrows the valve rheumatic fever's scarring, from streptococcal aftermath, is the prime culprit, stiffening leaflets over years. Obesity, IV drug use (tied to endocarditis), or diabetes don't directly scar valves. Nurses link rheumatic history to this, watching for dyspnea or murmurs, a legacy of infection shaping this cardiac bottleneck.
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following assessment findings requires immediate intervention?
- A. Back pain
- B. Absent peripheral pulses
- C. Decreased urine output
- D. Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An AAA can rupture absent peripheral pulses signal dissection or clot, cutting flow, a surgical emergency needing instant action per ABCs. Back pain hints at expansion, urgent but less acute. Urine drop or nausea follows, not leads. Nurses jump on pulselessness, anticipating OR prep, a life-or-limb save in this ticking vascular bomb.
The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child whose mother complains that he is listless and has been having trouble swallowing. Which of the following findings would suggest the child has a brain tumor?
- A. Observation reveals nystagmus and head tilt
- B. Vital signs show blood pressure measures 120/80
- C. Examination shows temperature of 38.5°C and headache
- D. Observation reveals a cough and labored breathing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brain tumors in young children often cause neurological signs from mass effect or increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Nystagmus (involuntary eye movement) and head tilt suggest cerebellar or brainstem involvement, common in pediatric brain tumors like medulloblastoma, disrupting coordination and posture key findings in a listless child with swallowing issues (possibly cranial nerve dysfunction). Blood pressure of 120/80 is elevated but lacks widened pulse pressure typical of ICP; it's non-specific without context. Fever and headache might indicate meningitis, not a tumor, unless paired with focal signs. Cough and labored breathing point to respiratory issues, not neurological ones. Nurses noting nystagmus and tilt prompt urgent imaging, critical in pediatric oncology for diagnosing brain tumors early and preventing further deterioration.
A patient with a diagnosis of gastric cancer has been unable to tolerate oral food and fluid intake and her tumor location precludes the use of enteral feeding. What intervention should the nurse identify as best meeting this patient's nutritional needs?
- A. Administration of parenteral feeds via a peripheral IV
- B. TPN administered via a peripherally inserted central catheter
- C. Insertion of an NG tube for administration of feeds
- D. Maintaining NPO status and IV hydration until treatment completion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastric cancer blocking oral and enteral routes needs TPN via a PICC delivering calories and protein centrally, bypassing the gut. Peripheral IV can't handle TPN's osmolarity veins fry. NG's out with tumor placement. NPO with just fluids starves her long-term. Nurses in oncology peg TPN as the lifeline, keeping strength up when cancer chokes other options.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? The treatment of diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine involves
- A. Formula for Diabetes (Xiaoke Fang) for the Upper Type: Heat in the Lung which consumes Body Fluid
- B. Jade Maid Decoction (Yunu Jiang) for the Middle Type: excessive Heat in the Stomach
- C. Six Ingredients Rehmannia Pill (Liuwei Dihuang Wan) for the Lower Type: excessive of Kidney Yin and excessive of Yin and Yang
- D. Yam (Dioscorea opposita)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Traditional Chinese diabetes care Upper, Middle, Lower types nails Lung heat, Stomach fire, but Kidney's Yin deficiency, not excess Yin-Yang, flops. Xiaoke Fang, Yunu Jiang fit; Liuwei Dihuang Wan balances, doesn't overdo; yam's a lone root, not typed. Clinicians spot this, a chronic TCM misstep.