Nokea
Which of the following lifestyle modifications should the nurse encourage the client with a hiatal hernia to include in activities of daily living?
- A. Daily aerobic exercise.
- B. Eliminating smoking and alcohol use.
- C. Balancing activity and rest.
- D. Avoiding high-stress situations.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eliminating smoking and alcohol is critical for managing hiatal hernia, as both can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and worsen reflux.
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A client with colon cancer is having a barium enema. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following after the procedure is completed?
- A. Laxative.
- B. Anticholinergic.
- C. Antacid.
- D. Demulcent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After a barium enema, a laxative is ordinarily prescribed. This is done to promote elimination of the barium. Retained barium predisposes the client to constipation and fecal impaction. Anticholinergic drugs decrease gastrointestinal motility. Antacids decrease gastric acid secretion. Demulcents soothe mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract and are used to treat diarrhea. CN: Reduction of risk potential; CL: Synthesize
The nurse is obtaining the pulse of a client who has had a femoral-popliteal bypass surgery 6 hours ago. Which assessment provides the most accurate information about the client's postoperative status?
- A. Radial pulse
- B. Pedal pulse
- C. Brachial pulse
- D. Popliteal pulse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the pedal pulse post-femoral-popliteal bypass is most accurate for evaluating graft patency and distal perfusion. A palpable or Doppler-detected pedal pulse indicates successful restoration of blood flow to the lower extremity. Other pulses (radial, brachial, popliteal) are less specific to the surgical site.
The client asks the nurse what his activity limitations are while he is in Buck's traction. The nurse should tell the client:
- A. You can sit up whenever you want.'
- B. You must lie flat on your back most of the time.'
- C. You can turn your body.'
- D. You must lie on your stomach.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Buck's traction requires lying flat to maintain traction alignment, limiting movement.
A client with renal calculi is prescribed potassium citrate. The purpose is to:
- A. Dissolve stones.
- B. Alkalinize urine.
- C. Reduce pain.
- D. Prevent bleeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Potassium citrate alkalinizes urine, preventing uric acid stone formation.
When receiving a client from the postanesthesia care unit after a splenectomy, which should the nurse assess after obtaining vital signs?
- A. Nasogastric drainage.
- B. Urinary catheter.
- C. Dressing.
- D. Need for pain medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After a splenectomy, the nurse should assess the dressing for signs of bleeding, as the spleen is highly vascular, and postoperative hemorrhage is a risk. Nasogastric drainage, urinary output, and pain are assessed later, but the dressing is the priority to detect complications.