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Which of the following ligaments does not assist in holding the ovaries in place?
- A. Broad
- B. Mesovarian
- C. Ovarian
- D. Round
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The round ligament does not assist in holding the ovaries in place.
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A young female patient comes to the health unit at school to discuss her irregular periods. In providing education regardinNg thRe feImalGe reBpr.odCuctMive cycle, the nurse describes the regular U S N T O and recurrent changes related to the ovaries and the uterine endometrium. Although this is generally referred to as the menstrual cycle, the ovarian cycle includes which phases? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Follicular
- B. Ovulatory
- C. Luteal
- D. Proliferative
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Follicular phase. The ovarian cycle consists of two main phases: the follicular phase and the luteal phase. During the follicular phase, the ovarian follicles mature in preparation for ovulation. This phase is characterized by rising levels of estrogen. The luteal phase follows ovulation and is characterized by the formation of the corpus luteum and increased progesterone levels to support a potential pregnancy. The ovulatory phase is not a distinct phase of the ovarian cycle but rather the event of ovulation itself. Proliferative phase is a term used to describe changes in the uterine endometrium, not the ovarian cycle. Therefore, the correct answer is A, as it accurately reflects the phases of the ovarian cycle.
Amniotic fluid index of 18 cm in the 3rd trimester is interpreted as:
- A. Hydrops fetalis
- B. Normal amniotic fluid volume
- C. Reduced amniotic fluid volume
- D. Increased amniotic fluid volume
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Normal amniotic fluid volume. An amniotic fluid index of 18 cm in the 3rd trimester is considered within the normal range (5-25 cm). This level indicates adequate amniotic fluid for fetal development and is not indicative of hydrops fetalis (A), reduced amniotic fluid volume (C), or increased amniotic fluid volume (D). It is crucial to monitor amniotic fluid levels as deviations from the normal range can impact fetal well-being.
The school nurse is conducting health education classes for a group of adolescents. Which statement best describes a secondary sexual characteristic?
- A. Maturation of ova N R I G
- B. C M U S N T O
- C. Production of sperm
- D. Female breast development
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Female breast development. Secondary sexual characteristics are physical changes that occur during puberty but are not directly related to reproduction. Female breast development is a classic example of a secondary sexual characteristic as it is a visible change that signals the onset of puberty. The other choices, A, B, and C, are primary sexual characteristics directly involved in reproduction such as maturation of ova, production of sperm, and external genitalia development, respectively. These are not considered secondary sexual characteristics.
Retroflexion, or backward flexion, is the normal position of the uterus.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. NA
- D. NA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Retroflexion is not the normal position of the uterus.
The vulva consists of which structure?
- A. Labia majora, minora, clitoris, mons pubis, and vestibular glands
- B. Penis, scrotum, and prostate gland
- C. Internal female structures, including the uterus and ovaries
- D. Openings of the urethra and vagina
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the vulva comprises the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, mons pubis, and vestibular glands. The labia majora and minora are outer and inner folds of skin, the clitoris is a sensitive organ, the mons pubis is a fatty area overlying the pubic bone, and the vestibular glands secrete lubrication. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the structures of the vulva. B refers to male reproductive structures, C to internal female organs, and D to specific openings rather than the entire vulva.