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Which of the following lists elements of the prewriting portion of the writing process?
- A. Researching, outlining, editing
- B. Preparation, referencing sources, drafting
- C. Planning, brainstorming, outlining
- D. Drafting, researching, referencing sources
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Planning, brainstorming, outlining. During the prewriting phase of the writing process, it is essential to plan your writing, brainstorm ideas, and create an outline before moving on to drafting. Researching, referencing sources, and editing are typically part of the later stages of the writing process, not prewriting. Choices A, B, and D include elements that are more aligned with drafting and revising stages rather than prewriting.
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Which of the following provides the best definition for the prefix trans- as used in the sentence?
- A. Across
- B. Beautiful
- C. Change
- D. Different
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The prefix trans- means 'across,' as in words like translucent, which allows light to pass through. 'Beautiful' (Choice B), 'Change' (Choice C), and 'Different' (Choice D) do not accurately capture the meaning of the prefix trans- in this context. Therefore, 'Across' is the correct definition.
Julia is writing an essay about the influence of technology on interpersonal relationships. Which of the following sentences would NOT be a relevant supporting detail?
- A. Studies show that the more teenagers engage in social media, the less they engage with their peers.
- B. College students study and work on homework an average of 4-6 hours a day.
- C. Use of technology such as smartphones can lead to a lack of engagement in conversations.
- D. Some psychologists think that watching TV activates the same part of the brain as having an in-depth conversation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In an essay focusing on the impact of technology on interpersonal relationships, details about college students' study habits and homework workload are not directly related to the influence of technology on relationships. Choices A, C, and D are more relevant as they directly address the impact of technology, such as social media engagement, smartphone usage affecting conversations, and the comparison between TV-watching and brain activity during conversations.
Which of the following suffixes is NOT commonly used to form a noun from some other part of speech?
- A. -ation
- B. -ness
- C. -ity
- D. -ize
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The suffix '-ize' is used to form verbs by converting nouns or adjectives into verbs. For example, 'real' can become 'realize' or 'modern' can become 'modernize.' On the other hand, the suffixes '-ation,' '-ness,' and '-ity' are commonly used to form nouns. '-ation' is often used to form nouns from verbs (e.g., 'celebrate' to 'celebration'), '-ness' is used to form abstract nouns from adjectives (e.g., 'kind' to 'kindness'), and '-ity' is used to form abstract nouns from adjectives (e.g., 'happy' to 'happiness'). Therefore, the correct answer is 'D' because '-ize' is not commonly used to form a noun from some other part of speech.
Which of the following is NOT a prewriting strategy?
- A. Brainstorming
- B. Visual mapping of ideas
- C. Asking questions
- D. Organizing writing into paragraphs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Organizing writing into paragraphs is a component of drafting, which occurs after prewriting. Prewriting involves generating ideas, organizing thoughts, and outlining content before beginning the actual writing process. Choices A, B, and C are all prewriting strategies. Brainstorming helps in generating ideas, visual mapping assists in organizing thoughts spatially, and asking questions helps in exploring different angles of the topic before structuring the content. Therefore, organizing writing into paragraphs is the only option that does not directly relate to prewriting.
What transition should be added to the beginning of sentence 2 below: Mr. Shanbourne just nodded?
- A. Surprisingly
- B. Actually
- C. Furthermore
- D. Instead
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct transition to add at the beginning of sentence 2 is 'Surprisingly.' This transition sets the tone for something unexpected or contrary to what was anticipated, emphasizing Mr. Shanbourne's reaction as not typical or predicted. Option B, 'Actually,' would not fit well as it does not imply any sense of surprise or contrast. Option C, 'Furthermore,' is used to add information rather than to indicate a surprising turn of events. Option D, 'Instead,' suggests a replacement or choice between alternatives, which is not suitable in this context.